六价铬离子耐受菌株的筛选及吸附能力研究  

Isolation of Cr(VI)-tolerant Strains and Their Biosorption Capacity Identification

作　　者：王雪丹 高云栖 郑哲斌 蔡玉静 白禹龙 周俊波[1] 郭茸恺 于岚[1] WANG Xuedan;GAO Yunqi;ZHENG Zhebin;CAI Yujing;BAI Yulong;ZHOU Junbo;GUO Rongkai;YU Lan(College of Life Science,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院生命科学学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2023年第4期11-17,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：2022年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210347030)。

摘　　要：六价铬Cr(Ⅵ)污染主要来自钢铁、染色、电镀、皮革加工、冶炼、表面处理工业等排放的污水和废气。Cr(Ⅵ)通过消化道、呼吸道、皮肤及黏膜进入人体,造成伤害,甚至引起遗传变异而致癌。生物吸附法因其高吸附率、无二次污染等因素被认为是新兴的重金属离子回收技术。该文从钢铁厂污泥中分离得到6株耐受Cr(Ⅵ)的细菌,分子水平鉴定结果表明,它们分别为3株假单孢属细菌、1株诺卡氏菌、1株芽孢杆菌和1株产碱杆菌。在这6株耐受细菌中均鉴定到编码Cr离子转运蛋白的chrA基因。进一步吸附实验证明24 h内假单孢属和芽孢杆菌属的4株细菌能够吸附去除77%左右的Cr(Ⅵ),诺卡氏菌和产碱杆菌的吸附率分别达到66.8%和64.9%。实验结果为微生物重金属耐受机理研究和进一步开发新型生物吸附剂提供了良好的基础。Chromium as a toxic heavy metal mainly originates from sludge and gas waste during steelification,pigment manufacturing,electroplating,leather tanning,alloy production,surface treatment.Chromium(VI)can cause harm to human body through alimentary canal,respiratory tract,skin and mucous membrane contacting,and it even can be cancerogenic by inducing genetic mutation.Recently,biosorption is widely considered as an emerging cutting-edge technique for heavy metal absorption due to its high efficiency and zero secondary pollution.Six Cr(VI)-resistant bacteria were isolated from industrial sludge of a steel factory.The results of 16S rDNA sequencing demonstrated that,three of them belong to Pseudomonas,one Nocardia,one Bacillus and one Alcaligenes.The chrA gene encodes chromium transporter was identified in all six resistant bacteria,further Cr(VI)absorption analysis indicated that,after 24 h cultivation Pseudomonas and Bacillus have absorption efficiency above 77%,and that of Nocardia and Alcaligenes were 66.8%and 64.9%,respectively.These results provide the solid basis for further investigation of chromium resistant mechanism in bacteria and development of novel biomass adsorbent.

关 键 词：工业污泥 六价铬 微生物分离 铬离子转运蛋白 生物吸附 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]