中医闻吸疗法考略及应用  

Research and Application of Herb Sniffing and Inhaling Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine

作　　者：史磊[1] 曹思思[1,2] 杨清[2] 李永吉[1] 戴缙[3] 孙佳琳 郭玉岩[1] SHI Lei;CAO Sisi;YANG Qing;LI Yongji;DAI Jin;SUN Jialin;GUO Yuyan(Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin,150040;Harbin Vocational and Technical College;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine;Heilongjiang Vocational College for Nationalities)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学,150040 [2]哈尔滨职业技术学院 [3]黑龙江中医药大学附属第二医院 [4]黑龙江民族职业学院

出　　处：《中医杂志》2023年第10期978-982,共5页Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82173997);哈尔滨市应用技术研究与开发项目(2017RAQXJ238);黑龙江中医药大学科研基金(2018jkcy04)。

摘　　要：闻吸疗法古称嗅鼻法,其用药称为闻药,属中医外治法范畴。闻吸疗法萌芽于先秦时期,形成于秦汉时期,隋唐、宋辽金元时期得到快速发展并进入鼎盛期,其治疗范围和方剂不断扩展。明清时期出现了“鼻烟”这一闻吸疗法的新型治疗载体。新中国成立后闻吸疗法这一传统外治法作为一种补充和替代治疗手段得到快速发展。中医学认为,闻吸疗法防病治病与其辟邪逐秽、拒邪于外,取嚏杜染、邪有出路作用有关,药物又可经口鼻嗅吸入肺,肺朝百脉通经贯络、透彻周身。临床中可治疗鼻病、眼病、头痛病、儿科病、妇科病、急症等,亦可辅助治疗现代疾病如创伤性蛛网膜下腔出血、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、失眠症、冠心病等。通过对闻吸疗法的历史沿革、作用机制、古今临床应用的全面考证,为中医外治疗法的传承和发展提供基础。Herb sniffing and inhaling therapy is also known as medicine-smelling in ancient times.As an external treatment in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the herbs play the role after smelt and inhaled.The herb sniffing and inhaling therapy is sprouted in the pre-Qin Dynasty,formed in the Qin and Han dynasties,and developed rapidly into its heyday in the Sui,Tang,Song,Liao and Yuan dynasties,with expansion in the treatment scope and corresponding prescriptions.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,“snuff”as a new carrier of sniffing and inhaling therapy appears.Since the People's Republic of China founded,the traditional external herb sniffing and inhaling therapy has developed rapidly as a supplementary and alternative treatment.In TCM,herb sniffing and inhaling prevents and treats the disease by dispelling filth,repelling the pathogen,sneezing and preventing infection,and having a way out for the pathogen.Herbs can be smelt and inhaled into the lungs through the mouth and nose,and then transferred into the channels and collaterals and the whole body as the lung links with all the vessels.Herb sniffing and inhaling therapy can be used in treating nasal diseases,eye diseases,headaches,pediatric diseases,gynecological diseases,and emergencies,and assisting in the treatment of modern diseases such as traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,insomnia,coronary heart disease,and others.Through a comprehensive textual research on its historical evolution,mechanism,and clinical application in ancient and modern times,this paper provided a basis for the inheritance and development of herb sniffing and inhaling therapy.

关 键 词：闻吸疗法 嗅鼻法 中医外治法 历史沿革 

分 类 号：R244.9[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]