川渝地区9000 m级超深超高温超高压地层安全钻井技术实践与认识  

Practices and understandings on safe drilling technologies for 9000-m-level super deep and ultra high temperature and pressure strata,Sichuan-Chongqing area

作　　者：王明华 贺立勤 卓云 张杰 田清江 胡仁德 WANG Minghua;HE Liqin;ZHUO Yun;ZHANG Jie;TIAN Qingjiang;HU Rende(Chuandong Drilling Company,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司川东钻探公司

出　　处：《天然气勘探与开发》2023年第2期44-50,共7页Natural Gas Exploration and Development

基　　金：中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司“川东南部地区重点探井安全高效钻井技术应用研究”(编号:CQ2019B-9-5-3)。

摘　　要：四川盆地蓬莱区域蓬深6井以9 026 m的钻达井深创下亚洲陆上最深直井纪录。其最高地温超过200℃,最高地压超过150 MPa,地层岩性复杂,井漏、垮塌、缩径、污染、溢流事件多发,对钻井作业中的工具、仪器、工艺提出严峻挑战。为此,设计了精细的钻井方案:(1)建立超深超高温小井眼防卡与井眼轨迹控制技术,实现了1 246 m长段小井眼安全钻井;(2)针对性采用长段漏垮同存安全钻井技术、长段膏盐层进行缩径与盐溶预防、酸性气体污染治理、大井眼长段重负荷套管安全下入等技术,有效预防了上部地层漏、塌、卡、缩事件的发生,全井故障复杂时率控制在10%以内;(3)集成应用长寿命强攻击型PDC钻头、复合钻头,高抗扭抗高温螺杆、垂直钻井系统,完善钻井泵、高压管汇等关键设备配套,以提高钻井速度。实钻结果表明:集成应用9 000 m超深超高温超高压钻井技术,不仅安全完钻,钻井周期仅561 d,且创下川渝地区套管下入的最大重量(6 800kN)、上提最大吨位(5 500kN)等20项创新施工纪录,为后续万米特深井钻探积累了经验。With the drilling depth of 9,026 m,Pengshen 6 well,Penglai area,Sichuan Basin,sets a record of the deepest vertical well in onshore Asia.It characters the highest formation temperature and pressure exceeding 200°C and 150 MPa as well as complex lithology,leading to frequent lost circulation,collapse,hole shrinkage,pollution and overflow,which give challenges of all kinds to drilling tools,instruments and processes.To this end,some drilling technologies were proposed,including(i)an anti-sticking and wellbore-trajectory control technology for super deep and ultra high temperature slimhole,which was adopted to finish a safe drilling in the 1,246-m-long slimhole;(ii)such techniques as safe drilling in long segments with both leakage and collapse,prevention of hole shrinkage and brine solution in long gypsum-salt layers,treatment of sour-gas pollution,and safe running of casing with heavy load into large borehole and long segments in an effort to effectively prevent upper strata from leakage,collapse,sticking and shrinkage as well as to control a complex failure of the whole well below 10%;and(iii)an integration of PDC drilling bits with long service time and powerful aggressiveness,composite drilling bits,screw rods resistant to high torsion and temperature into vertical drilling systems,furthermore perfecting some key supporting facilities,like drilling pumps and high-pressure manifolds so as to enhance a drilling speed.Drilling practices show that,for Pengshen 6 well with 9000-m-level super deep drilling depth together with ultra high temperature and pressure,after a comprehensive utilization of these drilling technologies,its drilling period is merely 561 days,setting 20 records in innovative operation,including the maximum casing-running weight and lifting tonnage respectively up to 6,800 kN and 5,500 kN in Sichuan-Chongqing area.It accumulates experience for next drilling to 10,000-m-level super well depth.

关 键 词：川渝地区 9000m超深 超高温 超高压 直井 安全钻井技术 

分 类 号：TE24[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]