从曾国藩科举观看其家教思想  

View Zeng Guofan’s Family Education Thought from His Outlook on Imperial Examination

作　　者：潘岳风 PAN Yuefeng(Library of Guilin Tourism University,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林旅游学院图书馆,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《湖南工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期41-48,共8页Journal of Hunan University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目“曾国藩传统家风治理思想研究”(2022KY0801)。

摘　　要：在对待科举的观念上,曾国藩迥异于当时的主流教育观念。对弟弟们和长子曾纪泽的科举,曾国藩表现出不必学科举、不强求中举、得失不足挂怀的观念;对次子曾纪鸿的科举,他表现出始于重视终于释然的观念。曾国藩的弟弟和两个儿子都未中举,曾国藩并没有让他们困在科举的泥潭里,而是引导他们另辟蹊径,使他们最终在各自擅长的领域取得了一定成就。曾国藩的科举观不仅仅是简单的教育观念,背后蕴含了丰富的家教思想,诸如读书非功利、得失随缘、笃立大志、孝友传家、因材施教、开明务实等思想,这些思想对家族成员产生了潜移默化的影响,使曾家成为享誉中外的百年家族。曾国藩的家教思想历久弥新,在当下的读书考试、升学就业和家风传承等方面仍有启示意义。Zeng Guofan held entirely different opinions about imperial examination from those in favour of the mainstream education concept at that time.Zeng Guofan did not pressure his younger brother and eldest son Zeng Jize to pass the imperial examination,giving no thought to personal gain or loss.As for his second son Zeng Jihong who also attended the imperial examination,Zeng changed his attitude from giving adequate attention initially to feeling relieved at whatever the result finally.Zeng’s younger brother and his two sons who failed to pass the imperial examination were not bogged down in the mire of it.Instead,under the guidance of Zeng,all of them found new paths and finally achieved certain achievements in their fields.Zeng Guofan’s view on the imperial examination is not only a simple educational concept,but also contains a wealth of family education thoughts,such as reading not for utilitarian purpose,not worrying about personal gains and losses,having lofty aspiration,showing filial respect to parents,treating siblings friendly,teaching students according to their aptitude,and being open and pragmatic.These thoughts had a subtle influence on the family members,making Zeng’s family a century-old famous family both at home and abroad.Zeng Guofan’s thoughts on family education are enduring and inspirational,also serving as an agent for current study,education,employment as well as inheriting family traditions.

关 键 词：曾国藩 科举观 家教思想 读书 孝友传家 

分 类 号：B249.9[哲学宗教—中国哲学]