基于Wav2vec2.0神经网络的轨道交通钢轨损伤压电阵列超声导波定位方法  

Piezoelectric Array Ultrasonic Guided Wave Locating Method for Rail Transit Rail Damages Based on Wav2vec2.0 Neural Network

作　　者：刘思昊 钱鲁斌 梅曜华 邢宇辉 LIU Sihao;QIAN Lubing;MEI Yaohua;XING Yuhui(School of Urban Rail Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,201620,Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620

出　　处：《城市轨道交通研究》2023年第6期101-105,110,共6页Urban Mass Transit

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12004240)。

摘　　要：鉴于普通超声波检测方法无法实现对轨道交通钢轨的长距离检测,基于超声导波的SHM(结构健康监测)技术难以从响应信号中提取损伤特征而影响损伤定位精度,提出了一种基于Wav2vec2.0神经网络的压电阵列超声导波定位方法对轨道交通钢轨损伤进行定位。基于压电阵列超声导波数据的特点,对该方法进行了简要介绍。搭建了钢轨损伤的超声导波检测系统,并利用该系统进行数据集的采集。采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立钢轨损伤超声导波检测三维有限元模型,并利用该模型进行数据集的采集。利用小波信号处理方法对超声导波试验信号进行重构,以达到信号去噪的目的;在仿真信号中加入随机噪声,将叠加随机噪声后的超声导波仿真信号作为补充数据集;通过计算模型中钢轨损伤定位的准确率和误差对模型的性能进行评估。结果表明,当迭代轮次达到第120次时,训练样本的准确率达到100%。利用基于Wav2vec 2.0神经网络的压电阵列超声导波定位方法可实现轨道交通钢轨损伤的准确定位。Given that the common ultrasonic detection method fail to carry out long-distance detection of rail transit tracks and the SHM(structural health monitoring)technology based on ultrasonic guided waves has difficulty extracting damage features from response signals,affecting the accuracy of damage locating.A locating method using piezoelectric array ultrasonic guided wave based on Wav2vec2.0 neural network is proposed for rail transit track damages.With reference to the characteristics of piezoelectric array ultrasonic guided wave data,this method is briefly introduced.An ultrasonic guided wave detection system for track damages is established and utilized for data collection.A 3D finite element model for ultrasonic guided wave detection of track damages is built using ABAQUS finite element software,and used to collect the dataset.Wavelet signal processing is applied to reconstruct the ultrasonic guided wave test signals for signal denoising;random noise is superposed to the simulation signals and the ultrasonic guided wave simulation signals with the superposed random noise are adopted as the supplementary dataset;the performance of the model is evaluated by calculating the accuracy rate and error of rail damage locating.The results show that when the iteration reaches the 120 th round,the accuracy of the training samples reaches 100%.By adopting the piezoelectric array ultrasonic guided wave locating method based on Wav2vec2.0 neural network,the accurate locating of rail transit track damages can be achieved.

关 键 词：轨道交通 钢轨损伤 压电阵列超声导波定位方法 Wav2vec2.0神经网络 

分 类 号：U213.43[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]