语言构式的类别与理据  

Category and motivation of linguistic constructions

作　　者：林正军[1] LIN Zhengjun(School of English and International Studies,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2023年第3期323-334,478,共13页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：“北京外国语大学卓越人才支持计划”的部分成果。

摘　　要：语言构式指各级各类语言形式与意义(功能)的匹配体,类别多样、层级复杂,其分类及其内部的理据性关系问题尚未得到很好的回答。本研究将语言构式区分为言语构式和语法构式,言语构式体现人与世界互动的具体经验,包括由词到句至篇不同层级的语言使用单位;语法构式是对言语构式的范畴化(包括类概括和型抽象),体现由感知经验抽象而来的事件类型。言语构式的组合和语法构式的形成是人类对语言及其使用进行认知加工的结果。Linguistic constructions refer to form-meaning(function)pairings of all types and levels.Further discussion on the classification of such constructions and their inner motivations is required.This study distinguishes between speech construction and grammatical construction.Speech construction realizes the specific experience of the interaction between man and the world,including linguistic units in use of different levels,ranging from words,to sentences and to texts,while grammatical construction,which realizes event types abstracted from perceptual experience,is the product of the categorization(including generalization and schematization)of speech constructions.The combination of speech constructions and the formation of grammatical constructions are the result of human cognitive processes related to language and its use.

关 键 词：语言构式 言语构式 语法构式 范畴化 理据 

分 类 号：H0-06[语言文字—语言学]