基于AR谱估计的瓷支柱绝缘子结构振动声学检测技术研究与试验  

Research and Experiment on Structural Vibration Acoustic Detection Technology of Porcelain Post Insulator Based on AR Spectrum Estimation

作　　者：赵洲峰 邹君文 朱航宇 严飞 裘吕超 唐志峰[4] ZHAO Zhoufeng;ZOU Junwen;ZHU Hangyu;YAN Fei;QIU Lüchao;TANG Zhifeng(Zhejiang Electric Boiler pressure Vessel Inspection Institute Co.,LTD.,Hangzhou 310000,China;State Grid Shangyu District Power Supply Company,Shaoxing,Shaoxing 312300,China;Electric Power Research Institute,State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.,LTD.,Hangzhou 310000,China;Institute of Digital Technology and Instrument,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310013,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省电力锅炉压力容器检验所有限公司,杭州310000 [2]国网浙江绍兴市上虞区供电公司,绍兴312300 [3]国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,杭州310000 [4]浙江大学数字技术及仪器研究所,杭州310013

出　　处：《结构工程师》2023年第2期154-160,共7页Structural Engineers

基　　金：杭州意能电力技术有限公司科技项目(EPRD2020-11)。

摘　　要：振动声学仪器采集到的绝缘子检测信号需要通过频谱分析来得到特征信息,进而判断绝缘子的损伤状态。现有的频谱分析多采用经典谱估计法,存在谱线分辨率低、谱泄露、虚假谱峰等问题,降低了缺陷检测准确率,且误报率偏大。本文采用自回归(AR)模型这种参数化的现代信号处理方法,通过采集220 kV瓷支柱绝缘子振动声学检测信号,建立AR模型,采用Yule-Walker方程计算AR参数,得到了瓷支柱绝缘子检测信号的AR功率谱。实验结果表明:相比于经典谱估计,AR谱估计的绝缘子检测信号处理方法具有更高的谱分辨率,谱线平滑,结合AR谱的对数标尺图,提高了振动声学法检测瓷支柱绝缘子缺陷的准确率。Insulator detection signal collected by vibration acoustic instruments needs to be analyzed by spectrum analysis obtain characteristic information through spectrum analysis,so as to judge the damage state of insulator.The existing spectrum analysis mostly adopts the classical spectrum estimation method,which has the problems of low spectral line resolution,spectral leakage and false spectral peak,which reduces the accuracy of defect detection and increases the false alarm rate.In this paper,an autoregressive(AR)model,a parameterized modern signal processing method,is used to establish the AR model by collecting the vibration and acoustic detection signals of 220 kV porcelain post insulators.The AR parameters are calculated by Yule Walker equation,and the AR power spectrum of the detection signals of porcelain post insulators is obtained.The experimental results show that comparing with the classical spectrum estimation,the insulator detection signal processing method based on AR spectrum estimation has higher spectral resolution and smooth spectral line.Combined with the logarithmic scale diagram of AR spectrum,the accuracy of vibration acoustic method for detecting porcelain post insulator defects is improved.

关 键 词：瓷支柱绝缘子 信号处理 振动声学 AR模型 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]