论在线诉讼背景下的民事司法程序原则  

On the Principles of Civil Procedure in the Context of Online Litigation

作　　者：曹志勋[1] CAO Zhixun

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《经贸法律评论》2023年第3期1-20,共20页Business and Economic Law Review

摘　　要：新冠肺炎疫情的暴发对民事司法提出了显著需求。在线司法/电子诉讼在比较民事诉讼法学视野中并非新鲜事物,我国的制度与实践供给在国际比较中表现十分突出。在线司法在我国发展迅速,这主要体现于专门互联网法院的建设和普通法院对信息技术的广泛应用,司法外的各类纠纷解决机制也都引入了在线机制。为了呼应传统民事诉讼中的程序基本原则,电子诉讼条件下应当重申当事人主义的核心内容即处分权主义和辩论主义。在法院主导程序进行的原则下,当事人同意构成电子诉讼中突出的例外要件,其合法性、正当性与具体判断规则是争议与论证的重点。司法与多元纠纷解决机制的整合原则在电子诉讼背景下得到广泛关注。在发展一站式多元解纷的进阶方案的同时,仍应重视法院裁判与调解的关系。无论时代挑战如何,实现正确裁判与保障正当程序仍然是民事司法不可放弃的核心目标。The COVID-19 pandemic demands the civil justice in every jurisdiction a lot.From the perspective of comparative civil procedure,the topic of online litigation has been discussed previously,while the written legal rules and real practice in China perform very well among international counterparts.As it is observed that the specialized Internet Courts have been established and ordinary courts at all levels have been applying electronic technology,online litigation develops rapidly in China.All dispute resolution mechanisms other than the civil justice have introduced online system into their operations as well.Responding to the fundamental principles of traditional civil procedure,the core issues such as the principles of party’s disposition and party’s presentation ought to be restated under the conditions of electronic litigation.While in principle,the court puts the proceedings forward,the party’s consent could exceptionally make a difference during an electronic litigation.The legitimacy,justification and specific adjudicative rules of such a consent should be elaborated during the forthcoming theoretical discussion.Meanwhile,also in the context of electronic litigation,the integration principle of the civil justice and diversified dispute resolution mechanisms attracts wide attention.Although the approach of one-stop diversified dispute resolution is to be strengthened,the relationship between court’s adjudication and mediation still needs to be taken seriously.Whichever the challenge of our time is,the essential aim of civil justice should necessarily be to obtain the correct decision and to secure the due process for all parties.

关 键 词：在线诉讼 电子诉讼 诉讼原则 当事人同意 多元纠纷解决 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]