晶粒度对超薄不锈钢拉伸与杯突成形的影响  

Effect of grain size on tensile and cupping forming of ultra-thin stainless steel

作　　者：张莹[1] 谢晨雨 原政军[1] 汤秀佳 张坡 ZHANG Ying;XIE Chenyu;YUAN Zhengjun;TANG Xiujia;ZHANG Po(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学机电工程学院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《山东建筑大学学报》2023年第3期101-107,共7页Journal of Shandong Jianzhu University

基　　金：市校融合发展战略工程项目(JNSX2021050)。

摘　　要：当材料的宏观尺寸达到毫米或微米级时,由于尺寸效应的影响,使其成形性能有所不同,而研究超薄不锈钢材料成形中受晶粒度与厚度等因素的影响规律,可为其成形性能的预测提供参考。文章选用30、60、100μm厚度的超薄304不锈钢作为试验材料,通过单向拉伸和杯突试验分析材料在单拉和平面应力状态下的成形性能;根据表层晶粒模型构建了应力-应变理论计算模型,并应用于杯突成形的有限元仿真。结果表明:厚度与晶粒度的比值(t/d)是影响成形行为的关键因素;仿真数据与试验结果具有一致性,呈现出t/d比值越大,试件的流动应力、试验成形力及杯突减薄率也越大的规律。When the macroscopic size of the material reaches millimeter or micron level,its forming performance is different due to the size effect.The study of the influence of grain size and thickness on the forming of ultra-thin stainless steel can provide a reference for the prediction of its forming performance.In this paper,ultra-thin 304 stainless steel with thickness of 30,60 and 100μm was selected as the experimental material,and the forming properties of the material under uniaxial tension and plane stress were analyzed by uniaxial tension and cupping test.According to the surface grain model,the stress-strain theoretical calculation model was constructed and applied to the finite element simulation of cup forming.The results show that the ratio of thickness to grain size(t/d)is the key factor affecting the forming behavior;the simulation data are consistent with the test results,showing the law that the larger the t/d ratio is,the larger the flow stress,the test forming force and the cupping thinning rate of the specimen are.

关 键 词：304不锈钢 晶粒度 拉伸试验 杯突试验 减薄率 

分 类 号：TG304[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]