土壤中的Cd对抗虫转基因水稻种植的影响  

Effect of Soil Cd on Insect-Resistant Transgenic Rice Planting

作　　者：钟言欣 刘燕 李磊 秦红益 韩成[3] 刘标 Zhong Yanxin;Liu Yan;Li Lei;Qin Hongyi;Han Cheng;Liu Biao(Zhongbei College,Nanjing Normal University,Danyang 212332,China;Suzhou Baixin Environmental Testing Engineering Technology Company Limited,Suzhou 215101,China;School of Geography,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学中北学院,江苏丹阳212332 [2]苏州市百信环境检测工程技术有限公司,江苏苏州215101 [3]南京师范大学地理科学学院,江苏南京210023 [4]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期140-148,共9页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：农业部转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2016ZX08012005);国家自然科学基金项目(42077033).

摘　　要：外源抗虫基因转入有利于作物减少药肥施用、降低虫害,其环境适应性研究具有生态学意义.当前,抗虫转基因作物对重金属胁迫的适应潜力尚不清楚.本研究以抗虫转基因水稻(HH1)及其非转基因亲本水稻(MH63)为研究对象,设置添加量分别为0、3.5、60和240 mg·kg^(-1)的土壤Cd(Ⅱ)胁迫进行水稻盆栽实验,测定水稻分蘖期和成熟期农艺性状、各植株器官Cd含量、水稻根系氧化酶系活性和根际土壤理化性质.结果显示,与Cd_(0)相比,Cd_(240)处理下HH1与MH63水稻株高分别降低35%、46%;地上生物量分别降低59%、73%;产量分别降低55%、85%.Cd胁迫能明显降低水稻株高、生物量及产量.相同Cd胁迫下,HH1水稻的株高、生物量及产量高于MH63水稻,说明外源Bt基因的转入能够提高水稻对Cd胁迫的抗性.外源Bt基因的转入没有改变Cd在水稻中的积累模式,但是相同Cd胁迫下,HH1水稻各器官中Cd含量高于MH63水稻.丙二醛(MDA)含量结果表明,分蘖期HH1水稻具有比MH63水稻更好的抗Cd能力,而成熟期则相反.其原因可能与植株器官Cd含量、根系微环境、解毒酶系统有关.综上所述,Cd胁迫与外源基因转入会对水稻农艺性状及各器官Cd富集产生影响,分蘖期HH1水稻具有比MH63水稻更强的抗Cd能力.The modification of insect-resistant gene is conducive to reduce insect pests and decrease pesticide and fertilizer application.Thus,the research on environmental adaptability of insect-resistant transgenic crops has important ecological significance.However,the adaptation potential of insect-resistant transgenic crops to heavy metal stress remains unclear.In this study,insect-resistant transgenic rice Huahui 1(HH1)and its non-transgenic parent rice Minghui 63(MH63)are selected for a pot experiment,and the soil Cd(Ⅱ)concentrations are set as 0,3.5,60 and 240 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.The agronomic traits,Cd content in plant organs,enzyme activity of rice roots and leafs,as well as physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil,are determined at tillering stage and maturity stage.The results show that compared with Cd_(0),the plant height of HH1 and MH63 rice under Cd_(240)treatment decrease by 35%and 46%,respectively.Their aboveground biomass decrease by 59%and 73%respectively,and their yield is reduced by 55%and 85%,respectively.Cd stress can significantly reduce plant height,biomass and yield of rice.Under the same Cd stress,the plant height,biomass and yield of HH1 rice are higher than those of MH63 rice,which indicate that the modification of exogenous Bt gene could improve the resistance of rice to Cd stress.The modification of exogenous Bt gene don’t change the accumulation pattern of Cd in rice,however,under the same Cd stress,the Cd content in each organs of HH1 rice is higher than that of MH63 rice.The results of malondialdehyde(MDA)content showe that HH1 rice have better Cd resistance than MH63 rice at tillering stage,and the opposite was at maturity stage.The reason might be related to Cd concentration in plant organs,root microenvironment and detoxification enzyme system.In conclusion,Cd stress and exogenous gene modification affecte rice agronomic traits and Cd enrichment in plant organs.Moreover,HH1 rice at tillering stage have stronger Cd resistance than MH63 rice.

关 键 词：转基因水稻 镉胁迫 氧化酶系活性 Cd富集 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]