核酸扩增技术在动物源性食品掺假中的研究进展  

Research progress of nucleic acid amplification technology in animal food adulteration

作　　者：孟晓帅 胡和智[2,3] 闫婷婷 李慧 李姗姗[1,2] MENG Xiaoshuai;HU Hezhi;YAN Tingting;LI Hui;LI Shanshan(Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-robot Interactions,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China;State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300132,China;Hebei University of Technology,Langfang 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省机器人感知与人机融合重点实验室(河北工业大学),天津300130 [2]电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(河北工业大学),天津300132 [3]河北工业大学廊坊分校,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2023年第11期298-305,共8页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51728502);天津市特支青年拔尖人才计划项目(180191);河北省重点研发计划项目(19271707D);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2020202101,F2021202001);河北省引进留学回国人员项目(C20200314,C20210337);江苏省食品先进制造装备技术重点实验室项目(FMZ202016)。

摘　　要：核酸扩增技术是一种在体外快速扩增特定DNA片段的分子生物学技术,目前已广泛应用于传染病检测、生物勘测、食品安全检测、临床诊断和公共卫生监测等研究领域。其中,食品安全领域的问题日渐成为人们关注的焦点,尤其是动物源性食品掺假的现象屡禁不止。在过去的科学研究中,动物源性食品掺假的核酸扩增技术发展迅速,取得了很大进展。该文就核酸扩增技术中的凝胶电泳PCR、实时荧光定量PCR、数字液滴PCR、环介导等温扩增、交叉引物扩增、滚环扩增、重组酶聚合酶扩增等技术的原理及在动物源性食品掺假检测中的应用进行综述。讨论了各类核酸扩增技术的关键优势和局限性,简要介绍了现有的挑战和进一步的研究进展,旨在为动物源性食品掺假核酸扩增技术的发展指明方向。Nucleic acid amplification technology is a molecular biology technique to rapidly amplify specific DNA fragments in vitro,which has been widely used in research fields such as infectious disease detection,biological survey,food safety detection,clinical diagnosis,and public health monitoring.Among them,food safety issues have gradually become the focus,especially the phenomenon of animal food adulteration.In the past scientific research,the application of nucleic acid amplification technology for food adulteration of animal origin has developed rapidly and made great technical progress.This article reviews the principles of gel electrophoresis PCR,quantitative real-time PCR,droplet digital PCR,loop-mediated isothermal amplification,cross prime amplification,rolling loop amplification,and recombinase polymerase amplification among nucleic acid amplification techniques,and their applications in the detection of animal food adulteration.The key advantages and limitations of various nucleic acid amplification techniques are discussed,and the existing challenges and further research progress are outlined,aiming to point the way for the development of nucleic acid amplification techniques for animal food adulteration.

关 键 词：核酸扩增技术 动物源性食品 掺假鉴别 聚合酶链式反应 恒温扩增技术 

分 类 号：TS207.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]