何以突破企业研发评估“重投入而轻产出”的瓶颈?——企业研发投入产出效率评估方法探析  

How to Break Through the Dilemma of"Emphasizing Investment Over Output"in Enterprise R&D Evaluation?--An Analysis of Evaluation Methods of R&D Input-output Efficiency

作　　者：陈劲[1] 李根祎 毕溪纯 EfficiencyChen Jin;Li Genyi;Bi Xichun(School of Economics and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学经济管理学院,北京100084

出　　处：《创新科技》2023年第6期42-54,共13页Innovation science and technology

摘　　要：研发强度一直是衡量企业研发水平的重要指标。但近年来我国企业“重投入而轻产出”的现象十分严重,现有理论方法对企业开展精准而全面的研发投入产出效率评估尚有不足。如何提高企业研发投入产出效率,是提升企业创新效能的重要环节,也是助力企业成为科技创新主体的关键。从以下几个方面展开对研发投入产出效率的分析:首先,对研发和创新的关系进行系统性梳理,为企业研发投入产出效率评估提供理论基础;其次,根据企业多维度、多样化的评估需求,分层构建企业研发投入产出效率评估模型,并对其进行对比分析;最后,阐述企业研发投入产出效率评估模型的评估方法、优劣势以及我国企业的适用场景,为企业提升研发水平提供有效的实践指导。Research and development (R&D) investment plays a vital role in technological progress and high-quality development, further laying the basis for building an innovative country and achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance. However, emphasizing investment over output leads to the ignorance of R&D actual results, which further resulting in undesirable cases such as "investment R&D for the sake of investment" and "fake data". More serious, the failure of R&D evaluation would emerge. At the same time, it also renders the "muddled account" of R&D activities, resulting in the waste of R&D funds. Doing so is not conducive to the sustainable development of scientific and technological innovation. In the process of implementing innovation-driven development strategy, Chinese R&D investment locates the second place in the world. While, the external dependence of Chiese industrial technology is still high. Therefore, how to improve R&D input-output efficiency is especially urgent at present. In this regard, the evaluation of R&D input-output efficiency provides an important decision-making basis for enterprises to improve efficiency. Given this, this paper focuses on the analysis of enterprise R&D input-output efficiency. Drawing on existing relevant literature, several shortcomings of current theoretical methods are as follows. First, the analysis level of existing evaluation methods mainly focuses on the horizontal comparison of R&D efficiency between industries, regions, and countries. For this reason, it is difficult to carry out the evaluation of R&D input-output efficiency for a certain enterprise. Second, the drawback of existing R&D efficiency and innovation efficiency is mixed indicators and concepts, which not only impedes the real evaluation of R&D input-output efficiency, but also hinders the sustainable and high-quality R&D practice and innovation practice. To address these gaps, this paper aims to put forward evaluation models of R&D input-output efficiency. This study first distinguishe

关 键 词：企业研发活动 研发投入产出效率 评估模型 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]