数字化如何影响企业创新?——基于人力资本和交易成本传导机制的视角  

How Does Digitalization Affect Business Innovation?Based on the Perspective of Human Capital and Transaction Cost Transmission Mechanism

作　　者：庞瑞芝[1,2] 刘磊 张帅[4] Pang Ruizhi;Liu Lei;Zhang Shuai(Enterprise Research Center,Intersection Science Center for the Digital Economy,Nankai University,Tianjin 300191,China;College of Economic and Social Development,Nankai University,Tianjin 300191,China;School of Economics and Management,Chang'An University,Shanxi 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学企业研究中心,300191 [2]南开大学数字经济交叉科学中心,300191 [3]南开大学经济与社会发展研究院,300191 [4]长安大学经济与管理学院,710064

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2023年第2期102-120,共19页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：2022年度南开大学文科发展基金项目“数字化与‘鲍莫尔成本病’”(ZB22BZ0105);南开大学亚洲研究中心项目“数字经济赋能服务业生产率的机理与路径研究”(AS2104);国家社科基金重大项目“大国经济条件下构建自主可控的现代产业体系重大问题研究”(21&ZD099)的资助。

摘　　要：随着数字技术的广泛应用及与产业的渗透融合,企业数字化已经成为数字经济时代的一大基本特征。聚焦于数字化带来的变革,本文基于我国2012—2019年A股上市公司数据,使用LDA主题模型构建企业创新指标,从多重维度考察了数字化对企业创新的影响。结果表明:数字化能够促进企业创新并成为驱动企业创新的新动能,该结论在一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析表明,企业数字化能够通过提升人力资本水平、降低交易成本来推动创新。异质性分析表明,高科技企业和高市场地位企业(行业领导者)的数字化发展具有更为明显的创新改善效应;与此同时,可以通过降低环境不稳定性程度、促进市场竞争和发展数字经济的途径来进一步发挥数字化提升企业创新水平的作用。本文研究结论对于依托数字化及数字技术赋能创新、以创新驱动引领经济内涵式高质量发展具有重要的启示意义。With the wide application of digital technology and its integration to various industries,enterprise digitization has become a basic feature of the digital economy era.In order to focus on the change brought by digitalization,this paper uses LDA theme model to construct enterprise innovation index on the basis of the data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2019,and then investigates the impact of digitalization on enterprise innovation from multiple dimensions.The empirical results show that digitalization can become a new driving force to promote enterprise innovation.This conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests.Mechanism analysis also presents that enterprise digitalization can promote innovation by improving human capital and reducing transaction costs.Further,the heterogeneity analysis reveals that high-tech enterprises and enterprises with high market position(industry leader)have more obvious innovation improvement effect of digital development.Moreover,the role of digitalization in promoting enterprise innovation can be played by reducing environmental instability,enhancing market competition and developing digital economy.The conclusion of this paper has important significance for relying on digitalization and digital technology to enable innovation and high quality digital economic development.

关 键 词：数字化 企业自主创新 人力资本 交易成本 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F273.1F832.51