海南省2013—2020年6~19岁在校学生视力不良分布及变化特点  

Distribution and change of poor vision among school students aged 6-19 in Hainan Province,2013-2020

作　　者：余黄 李军 王巍潼 李佳琪 欧阳范献 YU Huang;LI Jun;WANG Wei-tong;LI Jia-qi;OUYANG Fan-xian(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University,Haikou,Hainan 570311,China;Hainan Institute of Health Care for Primary and Secondary School Students,Haikou,Hainan 570000,China;International School of Public Health and Whole Health,Hainan Medical University,Haikou,Hainan 571199,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院第二附属医院,海南海口570311 [2]海南省中小学生卫生保健所,海南海口570000 [3]海南医学院公共卫生与全健康国际学院,海南海口571199

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2023年第5期534-539,共6页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 调查海南省儿童青少年视力不良的区域、年龄、年度分布特征和变化趋势,为制订针对性强、有效的防治策略提供理论依据。方法 分析2013—2020年在海南省17个市县,5 657 231份6~19岁儿童青少年的左右眼视力监测数据。采用符合国家标准的《标准对数视力表》(GB11533—2011)进行检测。结果 海南省儿童青少年2013—2020年视力不良率明显增长,年度间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。左眼视力总不良率增长了10.09%(32.79%→42.88%),重度不良率增长了6.68%;而右眼总不良率增长了9.80%(33.11%→42.91%),重度不良率增长了6.49%。同年度女性视力不良率比男性高(P<0.001),但增长模式相同。2020年不同市县相同年龄组间和同一市县不同年龄组间的各类不良率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),且都有随年龄增长而升高的趋势。分析东部(琼海)、南部(三亚)、西部(昌江)、北部(海口)、中部(定安县)5个市县各年龄组儿童青少年左右眼视力总不良率的分布特点显示,6、7岁时区域差异较小,随年龄增加,东、南、北部的3个市县与中西部市县的差异逐渐加大,海口市的不良率在各年龄组均居第一,到17岁时达到最高,左右眼不良率分别达76.32%和80.89%;三亚市居第2位,琼海居第3位;昌江县的不良率较低,依年龄增长的速度也较慢。结论 2013—2020年,海南省6~19岁儿童青少年左右眼视力总不良率及重度不良率逐年上升,女生上升幅度高于男生,右眼高于左眼;相同年度内,随年龄增长,视力不良率快速上升。建议进一步强化重点人群、特殊年龄段的日常干预与管理,以降低少年儿童的视力不良率。Objective To explore the regional,age and annual characteristics of distribution and variation trend of children and adolescents with poor vision in Hainan Province,and to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of targeted and effective prevention and treatment strategies.Methods The eyesight monitoring data of 5657231 children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 from 17 cities and counties in Hainan Province from 2013 to 2020 were analyzed.Using the"Standard Logarithmic Vision Chart"(GB11533-2011)that complies with national standards for testing.Results The rate of poor vision among children and adolescents in Hainan Province increased significantly from 2013 to 2020,and the difference between the years was statistically significant(P<0.001).The total poor vision rate in the left eye increased 10.09%(32.79%to 42.88%),and that of severe poor vision rate increased 6.68%,while that of the right eye increased 9.80%(33.11%to 42.91%)and 6.49%.The poor vision rate was significantly higher in females than in males of same year(P<0.001),but the increase pattern was the same.In 2020,there were significant differences between the same age groups in different cities and counties and between different age groups in the same city and county(P<0.001),and they all tended to increase with age.The result of analyzing the distribution characteristics of the total poor vision rate of different age groups children in the eastern(Qionghai),southern(Sanya),western(Changjiang),northern(Haikou)and central(Dingan)cities showed that the regional rate difference was small at 6-7 years old,and then increased with the increase of age.The poor vision rate of Haikou City ranked the first in all age groups,and reached the highest at 17 years old,with 76.32%and 80.89%of total poor vision rate of left and right eyes respectively.Sanya City ranked second,Qionghai ranked third.The poor vision rate of Changjiang County was lower and the growth rate was slower according to age.Conclusions From 2013 to 2020,the total and severe poor vision rates in

关 键 词：儿童青少年 视力不良率 海南省 

分 类 号：R770.42[医药卫生—眼科]