基于可靠度理论的高海拔连续下坡线形指标研究  

Study on Alignment Indicators of High-altitude Continuous Downhill Based on Reliability Theory

作　　者：庄稼丰[1] 许多[2] 王锐 ZHUANG Jia-feng;XU Duo;WANG Rui(CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430056,China;Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Second Expressway Detachment of Traffic Police Corps of Sichuan Provincial Public Security Department,Chengdu Sichuan 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,湖北武汉430056 [2]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [3]四川省公安厅交通警察总队高速公路二支队,四川成都610000

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2023年第4期209-215,227,共8页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：中交第二公路勘察设计院科技项目(KJFZ-2017-015)。

摘　　要：为了解决在高海拔地区进行连续下坡路段线形设计时,其技术可行性与经济合理性之间的矛盾,从货车下坡过程中轮毂制动热衰退的安全影响出发,基于可靠度理论对高海拔连续下坡路段线形指标进行了研究。招募7名经验丰富的货车驾驶人,选用东风4轴货车作为试验车型,分别在西藏的拉萨-林芝路段和昌都-邦达机场路段进行了货车的轮毂温升试验,记录了货车轮毂温度变化数据。利用小波理论对实测数据进行了降噪处理,通过数据分析将温升模型定义为适应于高等级公路与低等级公路的分段模型,结合降噪后的数据对国内较为经典的两个轮毂温升模型进行了修正。通过对比分析确定了适应于不同等级公路及制动方式的最优温升模型,修正后的模型R^(2)均大于0.8,有较强的解释性。以此温升模型为基础,构建了相应的连续下坡可靠度模型。以260℃为极限温度,结合货车载重及行驶速度的分布参数,分别计算了高等级公路与低等级公路不同坡度坡长指标组合的可靠度,以85%与95%作为不同等级公路的安全可靠度阈值,计算得到了高海拔连续下坡的坡度坡长组合。结果表明:现行设计规范中连续下坡设计指标偏保守;基于可靠度理论得到的下坡指标可为设计人员在高海拔连续下坡进行线形设计提供合理的理论依据。In order to solve the contradiction between technical feasibility and economic rationality in the alignment design of continuous downhill sections in high-altitude areas,from the safety influence of wheel hub braking heat decay during the downhill driving process of truck,the alignment indicators of high-altitude continuous downhill are studied based on reliability theory.Recruiting 7 experienced truck drivers and selecting Dongfeng four-axle truck as the experimental truck type,the temperature rise test on truck hub is carried out in Lhasa-Nyingchi section and Changdu-Bangda airport section in Tibet,and the temperature changing data of truck hub are recorded.The measured data are de-noised by using the wavelet theory.The temperature rise model is defined as a sectional model suitable for high-grade highways and low-grade highways through data analysis.The 2 typical hub temperature rise models in China are modified combining with the data after de-noising.The optimal temperature rise model suitable for different graded highways and braking modes is determined through comparative analysis,and the R^(2)values of modified models are greater than O.8,which is highly explanatory.On the basis of this temperature rise model,the corresponding reliability model for continuous downhill is constructed.With 260 C as the limit temperature,combining with the distribution parameters of truck loading and driving speed,the reliabilities of high-grade highway and low-grade highway with different slope-length combinations are calculated respectively.With 85%and 95%as the safety reliability thresholds of different graded highways,the slope-length combinations for continuous downhill at high-altitude are calculated.The result shows that(1)the design indicators of continuous downhill in the current design specification is conservative;(2)the downhill indicators obtained based on the reliability theory can provide reasonable theoretical basis for the designers to design the alignment for continuous downhill at high altitude.

关 键 词：交通工程 连续下坡 可靠度理论 高海拔 轮毂温升模型 

分 类 号：U416.26[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]