基于互质阵列的信号波达方向估计算法  

Direction of Arrival Estimation Algorithm Based on Coprime Array

作　　者：刘佳宁 司伟建[1,2] Liu Jianing;Si Weijian(College of Information and Communication Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学信息与通信工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工程大学先进船舶通信与信息技术工业和信息化部重点实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《航空兵器》2023年第2期131-136,共6页Aero Weaponry

基　　金：航空科学基金项目(2019010P6002)。

摘　　要：互质阵列具有灵活的天线摆放形式,相比于均匀阵列,有更大的阵列孔径,可以获得更高的自由度从而减少硬件资源成本,因此受到广泛的关注。本文针对基于互质阵列的空间平滑MUSIC算法(互质SS-MUSIC算法)估计精度低、计算量较大的问题,提出两种基于Toeplitz矩阵重构的互质阵列DOA估计算法。两种算法均利用扩展互质阵列构造虚拟阵列,然后进行协方差矩阵重构,重构后的矩阵是Toeplitz矩阵,对其进行划分,对划分后的矩阵进行特征值分解,求出信号子空间和噪声子空间,从而得到信号的入射角度。仿真实验结果表明,两种算法均能够实现信号的欠定DOA估计,与互质SS-MUSIC算法相比,两种算法在低信噪比-5 dB时的测向误差分别减少1.1°和0.5°,具有更高的估计精度;在相同条件下,运行时间分别减少45.9%和69.1%,具有更低的计算复杂度。The coprime array has attracted extensive attention because of its flexible antenna placement form and larger array aperture compared with the uniform array,which can obtain higher degrees of freedom and reduce the cost of hardware resources.Aiming at the weak accuracy and large amount of computation of SS-MUSIC algorithm,this paper proposes two DOA estimation algorithms with coprime array based on Toeplitz matrix reconstruction.Both algorithms use the virtual array formed by extended coprime array and reconstruct the covariance matrix.The reconstructed matrix is Toeplitz matrix,which is decomposed by eigenvalues to obtain the signal subspace and noise subspace,so as to obtain the incident angle of the signal.The simulation results show that the two algorithms can achieve underdetermined DOA estimation.Compared with the coprime SS-MUSIC algorithm,the direction finding errors of the two algorithms are reduced by 1.1°and 0.5°respectively at low signal-to-noise ratio of-5 dB,and have higher estimation accuracy,the running time is reduced by 45.9%and 69.1%respectively in the same situations,with lower computational complexity.

关 键 词：阵列信号处理 DOA估计 互质阵列 TOEPLITZ矩阵 矩阵重构 

分 类 号：TJ760[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] V243.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]