注定失败的友谊:主体间性视域下的《秀拉》  

Friendship destined to failure:a comment on Sula from the perspective of intersubjectivity

作　　者：杨佳鑫 YANG Jiaxin(Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学,北京100089

出　　处：《河南工程学院学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期91-96,共6页Journal of Henan University of Engineering(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：主体间性理论认为,相互认同是维系一段健康且持久关系的关键。要实现相互认同,双方需要拥有承认自我及他人主体性的能力。但是,在种族、性别、阶级等因素相互作用下形成的复杂的关系使得奈尔和秀拉丧失了确证自我的能力,真正的自我长期处在被剥夺或是被压制的状态下,由此导致的匮乏的共情能力及自恋型人格使得奈尔和秀拉仅仅将对方视作自我想象中的客体,对方存在的意义只是为了确证自己本就不真实的主体性。在这样的互动中,奈尔和秀拉既没有确证自己是完整独立的主体,也没能将对方看作一个平等的主体,最终导致了二人友谊的失败。The theory of intersubjectivity holds that mutual recognition is the key to maintaining a healthy and lasting relationship.To achieve mutual recognition,both parties need to possess the ability to recognize themselves and the subjectivity of others.This paper explores the reasons for the failure of Nel and Sula′s seemingly perfect friendship from the perspective of the intersubjectivity theory.On the one hand,both Nell and Sulla lost their self-assertion as a result of the complex relationship formed by the combined effects of race,gender,class,and other factors,which left their true selves in a state of chronic deprivation or repression;on the other hand,lack of empathy and narcissistic personality led them to see each other as objects of their own imagination,and the existence of the other was only to confirm their own unreal subjectivity.Therefore,loss of self-assertion and inability to view the other as an equal subject brought about the failure of their relationship.

关 键 词：《秀拉》 女性友谊 精神分析 主体间性 自我确证 相互认同 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]