基于潜在剖面分析的中学生考试焦虑类型及其影响因素  

Types of Test Anxiety and Its Influencing Factors Among Middle School Students Based on Latent Profile Analysis

作　　者：皇甫倩[1] 朱莉萍 陈国君[3] HUANGFU Qian;ZHU Liping;CHEN Guojun

机构地区：[1]西南大学教师教育学院,重庆400715 [2]华中师范大学教育学院 [3]重庆市第一中学校

出　　处：《教育测量与评价》2023年第3期92-101,共10页Educational Measurement and Evaluation

摘　　要：借助考试焦虑量表,采用潜在剖面分析方法探索中学生考试焦虑的类型,并在此基础上采用社会支持量表、情绪调节自我效能感量表、成就目标量表,探讨考试焦虑潜在类型的影响因素。结果显示:中学生考试焦虑存在明显的分组特征,可划分为低考试焦虑组、中考试焦虑组、高考试焦虑组3类;女生比男生更容易产生考试焦虑,高中生比初中生更容易滋生考试焦虑;社会支持、情绪调节自我效能感负向预测中考试焦虑组和高考试焦虑组,成就目标正向预测中考试焦虑组和高考试焦虑组。可通过营造平等互助的和谐家庭氛围、引导学生表达与排解消极情绪、树立指向素养发展的成就目标等方式缓解中学生考试焦虑。With the help of the test anxiety inventory,latent profile analysis was used to explore the types of test anxiety among middle school students,and on this basis,the social support scale,emotion regulation self-efficacy scale,and achievement goal scale were used to explore the factors influencing the potential types of test anxiety.The result showed that there were obvious grouping characteristics of test anxiety among middle school students,which could be divided into three categories:low-test anxiety group,middle-test anxiety group and high-test anxiety group;girls were more likely to have test anxiety than boys,and high school students were more likely to develop test anxiety than junior middle school students;social support and emotion regulation self-efficacy negatively predicted the middle-test anxiety group and high-test anxiety group,and achievement goals positively predicted the middle-test anxiety group and high-test anxiety group.This study suggests that test anxiety can be alleviated by creating a harmonious family atmosphere of equality and mutual support,guiding students to express and resolve negative emotions,and setting achievement goals that point to literacy development.

关 键 词：考试焦虑 社会支持 情绪调节自我效能感 成就目标 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：G448[哲学宗教—心理学]