3种青贮饲料中乳酸菌群落结构特征分析及优良乳酸菌的筛选  

Analysis of community structure and screening of ex⁃cellent lactic acid bacteria in three silages

作　　者：李彦飞 初晓辉[1] 王文 杨双双 马向丽[1,3] 段新慧 单贵莲[1,3] LI Yan-fei;CHU Xiao-hui;WANG Wen;YANG Shuang-shuang;MA Xiang-li;DUAN Xin-hui;SHAN Gui-lian(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Sheep Breeding Promotion Center,Kunming 655204,China;Yunnan Institute of Plateau Characteristic Agricultural Industry,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省种羊繁育推广中心,云南昆明652042 [3]云南省高原特色农业产业研究院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2023年第2期59-66,共8页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项—绿色食品国际合作研究中心项目(2019ZG0909);云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才专项项目。

摘　　要：【目的】研发出适应昆明气候条件的青贮用乳酸菌制剂,促进当地草地畜牧业的高效发展。【方法】以自然发酵60 d的全株玉米(Zea mays)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)和鸭茅(Dactylis glom⁃erata)3种青贮饲料为试验材料筛选优良乳酸菌,经继代培养获得83株天然乳酸菌(Lacticacid bacte⁃ria,LAB)菌株。测定83株乳酸菌形态特征及构建系统发育树。【结果】获得的83株天然乳酸菌中,昆明地区青贮饲料最常见的乳酸菌是植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum),占50.6%;其次是戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus pentosaceus)和短乳杆菌(L.brevis),各占21.7%。根据乳酸菌的生长活性和产酸能力,进一步从83株菌株筛选出3株优质乳酸菌(B10、B16、C23)。【结论】生理生化特性和16S rRNA测序分析显示,B10、B16、C23分别为短乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌和戊糖片球菌。3菌株产酸速率和生长速率的高低顺序为B16>C23>B10。【Objective】In order to develop lactic acid bacteria preparation suitable for climate conditions in Kun⁃ming,and promote the efficient development of local grassland animal husbandry.【Method】Three silages,including whole plant corn,alfalfa and orchardgrass,were used as experimental materials to screen excellent lactic acid bacteria in this study,and 83 strains of natural lactic acid bacteria were obtained by subculture from them.【Result】The mor⁃phological characteristics and the construction of phylogenetic tree of 83 lactic acid bacteria strains showed as follows:Lactobacillus plantrum was the most common lactic acid bacteria in Silages in Kunming,accounting for 50.6%,fol⁃lowed by Pediococcus pentosaceus and Lactobacillus brevis,accounting for 21.7%respectively.Three high quality lactic acid bacteria(B10,B16,C23)were selected from 83 strains according to their growth activity and acid produc⁃tion ability.【Conclusion】Physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that B10,B16 and C23 were L.brevis,L.plantarum and P.pentosaceus,respectively.The acid production rate and growth rate from high to low was B16>C23>B10.

关 键 词：青贮饲料 乳酸菌 形态特征 系统发育树 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]