基于生态位构建作用的捕食-竞争模型的研究  

On Study of Predator-competition Model with Niche Construction

作　　者：韩亮 黄浩 谢君辉 HAN Liang;HUANG Hao;XIE Junhui(School of Mathematics and Statistics,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi 445000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北民族大学数学与统计学院,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《湖北民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期260-265,274,共7页Journal of Hubei Minzu University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11761030);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2017CFB352)。

摘　　要：文章研究了一类捕食-竞争系统中各物种之间的相互影响。与传统的捕食模型相比,该模型中的捕食者不再是单一物种,而是增加为2种;且这2种捕食者共同竞争同一物种,该捕食-竞争模型更贴近实际情况。首先,通过建立非平凡的微分动力模型,在此基础上引入生态位构建作用;再利用数值方法和相平面法对所构建系统的平衡点以及稳定性进行分析,并探讨系统中各物种数量随时间的变化趋势。结果表明:随着捕食者P_1对食饵捕食效率的增大,2种竞争捕食者先趋于平衡点达到稳定状态,之后一个物种将取代另一个物种成为系统中的稳定生存物种。In this paper,we consider the interactions between species for a class of predator-competition.Compared with traditional predation model,the predation-competition model in this paper has a great change.The predator in the more realistic model is no longer a single species,but increases to two,and these two predator species compete with each other for the same prey species.Firstly,a non-trivial differential dynamic model is established,and niche construction is introduced on this basis.Then,the equilibrium and stability of the system are explained by numerical analysis and phase plane method,and the trend of the number of species with time is discussed in the system.The results show that with the increase of predation efficiency of predator P 1,the two competing predators tend to reach the equilibrium point at first,and then one species will replace the other as the stable survival species in the system.

关 键 词：生态位构建 捕食 竞争 数值模拟 相平面法 

分 类 号：O193[理学—数学] O29[理学—基础数学]