科研仪器国产替代的动态机制——基于永新光学的纵向案例研究  

On the Dynamic Mechanism for the Substitution of Imported Equipment of Scientific Research with Domestic Product:A Case Study Based on the Experiences of Novel Optics

作　　者：刘电光 彭新敏[1,2] 张祺瑞 LIU Dianguang;PENG Xinmin;ZHANG Qirui(Business School,Ningbo University;China Institute of Non-public Economy,Ningbo University)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学商学院 [2]宁波大学中国非公有制经济研究院

出　　处：《中国人民大学学报》2023年第3期28-41,共14页Journal of Renmin University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“最优区分视角下后发企业超越追赶的机制研究”(72172068);国家自然科学基金面上项目“从分隔到自洽:超越追赶阶段后发企业双元学习的演进机制研究”(71772097)的阶段性成果;教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“最优区分对后发企业超越追赶的影响机制研究”(22YJC630084)。

摘　　要：在全球贸易摩擦和科技竞争的新形势下,高端科研仪器国产替代日益迫切,然而现有文献忽视了科研仪器这类专业供应商部门的国产替代机制及其动态性。本研究按照“机会窗口—关系能力—学习顺序”的思路,通过永新光学的纵向案例研究发现,在设计技术阶段,后发企业借助需求机会窗口,以外部战略伙伴能力为先导,接续内部咨询学习为支撑,实现了科研入门级光学显微仪器国产替代;在新产品开发阶段,后发企业借助制度机会窗口,以外部战略伙伴能力为先导,接续内部增强学习顺序为支撑,实现了科研专业级光学显微仪器国产替代。本研究提出了后发企业“借助机会窗口以关系能力为先导并以学习顺序为支撑”实现科研仪器国产替代的理论模型,为中国企业科技自立自强提供了管理启示。Under the background of global trade friction and technological competition,the need to have domestically made highend instruments for scientific research replace imported kinds is increasingly urgentHowever,the existing literature ignores the dynamic mechanism for the substitution of imported products of these kinds with domestic equipmentIn the framework consisting of windows of opportunity,relational capabilities,and learning sequence,this study of the Novel Optics experience finds that:at the stage focusing on the design of technology,the companies that have only recently entered the business can take advantage of the demand opportunity to get support from internal consulting learning sequences with the guide of strategicpartnering capabilities,so as to have domestically made scientifically lowlevel microscopes replace imported products of the same kindAt the stage of developing new product,these companies can take advantage of the institutional opportunity to get support from enhancing learning sequences with the guide of systemintegrating capabilities so as to have domestically made scientifically professionallevel microscopes replace imported products of the same kindThis study proposes a theoretical model of taking advantage of the window of opportunity to get supports from learning sequences with the guide of relational capabilities those Chinese companies that have only recently entered the business to develop their capability of selfreliance and selfimprovement in science and technology.

关 键 词：科研仪器 国产替代 动态机制 机会窗口 关系能力 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理] F426.4[经济管理—国民经济]