数字化转型、劳动力市场化与企业人力资本投资  

Digital Transformation,Labor Marketization and Enterprise Human Capital Investment

作　　者：曹珂[1] 张荣权 CAO Ke;ZHANG Rong-quan(Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306;Guangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanning 530003,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学经济管理学院,上海201306 [2]广西财经学院财政与公共管理学院,广西南宁530003

出　　处：《当代财经》2023年第6期3-15,共13页Contemporary Finance and Economics

基　　金：广西哲学社会科学规划研究课题“协同创新视角下广西制造企业创新主体地位提升机制研究”(22FGL038);广西科技发展战略研究专项课题“广西科技型企业高质量发展对策研究”(桂科ZL22064021)。

摘　　要：加快建设数字中国和发展数字经济,离不开人才的支撑和保障。采用世界银行中国私营企业调查数据分析企业在推进数字化转型过程中如何进行人力资本投资,结果表明,数字化转型将促使企业增加人力资本投资,具体表现为:提高员工招聘的教育程度要求、增加生产性员工的在职培训比例以及延长员工的雇佣合同期限。进一步分析表明,研发创新和质量认证是促进数字化转型企业增加人力资本投资的重要因素;不同信息化水平的数字化转型企业虽然都将延长员工的雇佣合同期限,但信息化水平较高的企业更注重员工的教育程度,信息化水平较低的企业主要是开展生产性员工的在职培训。此外,劳动力市场是影响企业在数字化转型过程中进行人力资本投资的重要外部环境因素。因此,解决劳动力市场的分割和扭曲问题、提高劳动力市场的法治化水平、减少劳动力市场的不当管制、加强劳动力市场化建设等政策措施,具有推动企业在数字化转型过程中增加人力资本投资的重要意义。Accelerating the construction of digital China and developing the digital economy cannot be separated from the support and guarantee of talents.This paper adopts the data from the World Bank's China Private Enterprise Survey to analyze how enterprises invest in human capital during the process of promoting digital transformation.The findings show that digital transformation will promote enterprises to increase their investments in human capital.The specific measures are:to raise the requirements for educational level in the recruitment of employees,to increase the proportion of on-the-job training for productive employees,and to extend the duration of employee employment contracts.Further study reveals that RD innovation and quality certification are important factors that promote digital transformation enterprises to increase their human capital investments.Although digital transformation enterprises with different informatization levels will all extend the employment contract period of their employees,enterprises with higher informatization levels pay more attention to the education level of their employees,while enterprises with lower informatization levels mainly carry out on-the-job training for productive employees.In addition,the labor market is an important external environmental factor that affects the human capital investment of enterprises in the process of digital transformation.Therefore,the policy measures such as resolving the segmentation and distortion of the labor market,improving the legalization level of the labor market,reducing improper regulation of the labor market,and strengthening the construction of the labor marketizationare of great significance in promoting enterprises to increase human capital investment in the process of digital transformation.

关 键 词：数字化转型 劳动力市场化 人力资本投资 信息技术 

分 类 号：F272.3[经济管理—企业管理] F279.23[经济管理—国民经济]