基于主轴负载辨识的自适应数控加工控制  

Adaptive NC Machining Control Technology Based on Spindle Load Identification

作　　者：温玉锋 聂晓根[1,2] 黄宁 WEN Yufeng;NIE Xiaogen;HUANG Ning(School of Advanced Manufacturing,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China;School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学先进制造学院,福州350108 [2]福州大学机械工程及自动化学院,福州350108

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2023年第6期154-157,164,共5页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：福建省高校产学合作重大项目(2022H6017)。

摘　　要：针对自适应数控加工前人对切削力间接测量研究中未从主轴矢量控制原理着手的问题,通过测量主轴电机电枢电流,提出一种间接获取主轴负载的自适应加工控制方法。首先,以数控铣削加工为对象,推导切削力矩与主轴电机电枢电流的关系;其次,以切削力矩和加工过程稳定为目标,结合无感矢量异步主轴电机控制原理建立了基于无感矢量三相异步主轴负载的模糊自适应数控铣削加工模型;最后,采用Simulink对模型进行仿真试验。结果表明,所提方法能有效维持切削过程中力矩恒定,避免加工要素变化对加工过程的影响,进而提高系统的加工稳定性和生产率。Aiming at the problem that predecessors of adaptive CNC machining did not start from the principle of spindle vector control in the indirect measurement of cutting force,this paper proposes an adaptive machining control method that indirectly obtains the spindle load by measuring the armature current of the spindle motor.Firstly,taking CNC milling as the object,the relationship between the cutting torque and the armature current of the spindle motor is deduced.Then,aiming at the stability of cutting torque and machining process,combined with the control principle of non-inductive vector asynchronous spindle motor,a fuzzy adaptive CNC milling machining model based on non-inductive vector three-phase asynchronous spindle load is established.Finally,Simulink is used to simulate the model,which shows that the proposed method can effectively maintain the constant torque during the cutting process,avoid the influence of changes in machining elements on the machining process,and improve the machining stability and productivity of the system.

关 键 词：自适应数控加工 模糊控制 负载辨识 

分 类 号：TH165[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG68[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]