机床电主轴动静态性能测试系统设计  

Design of Dynamic and Static Performance Test System for Machine Tool Electric Spindle

作　　者：张衡 凌四营[1] 凌明 刘远航 张志豪 ZHANG Heng;LING Siying;LING Ming;LIU Yuanhang;ZHANG Zhihao(Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学微纳米技术及系统辽宁省重点实验室,大连116024

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2023年第6期165-167,172,共4页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(5207052737);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB2001400);产业技术基础公共服务平台项目(2020-0095-3-1)。

摘　　要：为了实现不同规格电主轴在模拟实际加工工况下的动静态性能测试功能,通过分析电主轴的静力及动力学模型,得到性能评价指标,设计了类V型块装夹机构,实现了不同规格电主轴的装夹;设计出非接触式气浮加载装置实现静力加载,相比于常用的对拖式加载、电磁加载具有结构简单、发热量小、承载力稳定等突出优点;以铣削加工的方式实现动态加载,更加接近实际工况;选择合适的传感器及动态测试分析仪实现电主轴前端径向位移、动静载荷和转速数据的采集、存储与及时分析。对实验装置的关键部件进行分析及校核,得到最大线性位移为0.015 mm,对测试系统带来的误差可忽略不计。所得结论验证了实验装置运行的可靠性,满足了机床电主轴动静态性能测试的需求。In order to realize the dynamic and static performance testing function of different spindles under simulated actual machining conditions,the performance evaluation indexes were obtained by analyzing the static and dynamic models of the spindles,and the V-block-like clamping mechanism was designed to realize the clamping of different spindles.The non-contact air-floating loading device was designed to realize static loading,which has the outstanding advantages of simple structure,small heat generation and stable load capacity compared with the commonly used drag loading and electromagnetic loading.The dynamic loading by milling process is closer to the actual working conditions.The selection of suitable sensors and dynamic test analyzer to achieve the collection,storage and timely analysis of radial displacement,dynamic and static load and speed data of the front end of the electric spindle.The key components of the experimental device were analyzed and calibrated,and the maximum linear displacement was 0.015 mm,which brought negligible error to the test system.The conclusion obtained verifies the reliability of the operation of the experimental device and meets the requirements of dynamic and static performance testing of machine tool electric spindles.

关 键 词：电主轴 静态性能 动态性能 加载 检测 

分 类 号：TH165[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP502[自动化与计算机技术]