基于Octopus的中小学普通教室自然采光优化设计  

Research on Natural Lighting Optimization Design of Ordinary Classrooms in Primary and Secondary Schools Based on Octopus

作　　者：陈泉安 陈云祥 Chen Quan’an;Chen Yunxiang

机构地区：[1]郑州大学建筑学院

出　　处：《城市建筑》2023年第11期64-69,共6页Urbanism and Architecture

摘　　要：寒冷地区中小学普通教室的冬季供暖和夏季制冷能耗与自然采光的利用是学校建筑设计过程中不可忽略的问题。在“双碳”目标和关注青少年视觉健康的背景下,文章使用Grasshopper遗传算法优化工具Octopus插件,以三门峡外国语小学为例,使用参数化的方式控制普通教室窗地比(window-to-wall ratio)、窗台高(window sill height)、窗高(window height)、窗间距(interfenestration)的参数,对普通教室自然采光进行优化设计。寻求采暖制冷总能耗(heating and cooling load)最小化和有效采光照度百分比平均值(useful daylight llluminance)的最大化,同时对模拟样本进行相关性和线性回归分析,更加科学地对优化结果进行选取。优化研究结果表明,教室有效采光照度百分比平均值UDIavg(100~2000lx)可增加9.34%~25.32%,采暖制冷的能耗HCL需求可减少9.04%~9.63%。The trade-off between the energy consumption of heating in winter and cooling in summer and natural lighting of ordinary classrooms in primary and secondary schools in cold regions is a problem that cannot be ignored in the design process of school buildings.In the context of dual carbon goals and attention to adolescent visual health,the paper uses the Grasshopper genetic algorithm optimization tool Octopus plugin,takes Sanmenxia Foreign Language Primary School as an example,and uses a parameterized method to control the parameters of window-to-wall ratio,window sill height,window height,and interfenestration,and optimizes the design of natural lighting in ordinary classrooms.It seeks to minimize the heating and cooling load and maximize the average value of the effective useful daylight illuminance.Simultaneously,the correlation and linear regression analysis of the simulated samples are carried out,and the optimization results are selected more scientifically.The optimization research results show that the classroom useful daylight illuminance avg(100-2000lx)can be increased by 9.34%-25.32%,and the heating and cooling load demand can be reduced by 9.04%-9.63%.

关 键 词：普通教室 自然采光 优化设计 

分 类 号：TU113[建筑科学—建筑理论]