基于气象无人机观测的测风优化研究  

Optimization Study of Wind Measurement based on Meteorological Drone Observation

作　　者：凌荣巧 卢会国[1] 蒋娟萍[1] 冯岩莹 LING Rongqiao;LU Huiguo;JIANG Juanping;FENG Yanying(College of Electronic Engineering,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学电子工程学院,四川成都610225

出　　处：《成都信息工程大学学报》2023年第3期271-276,共6页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42075129)。

摘　　要：气象无人机测风主要依托于皮托-静压管法,通过皮托管和静压管的气压差测得空速,通过GPS等设备测得地速,根据地速、空速和风速的三角矢量关系间接测得空速。现有的测空速模型采用标准大气压下的空气密度,不考虑无人机在飞行时的空气密度,这与标准大气不相符。本文通过2021年12月11日在四川省都江堰市的无人机飞行数据来分析空速和地速的变化。将原始空速和风速与考虑空气密度得到后的修正空速和风速对比发现:在不考虑空气密度的情况下,空速的绝对误差在-1.35~-1.25 m/s,相对误差在-6%左右;然而,传递给风速的平均相对误差却达到20%左右,最大达到40%。而引入空气密度可以消除这部分误差,从而提高测风精度。Meteorological UAV wind measurement is mainly based on the Pitot-Static tube method,which measures the air speed through the Pitot tube and static tube air pressure difference.According to the triangular vector relationship of ground speed measured by GPS and other equipments,air speed and wind speed,air speedcan be measuredindirectly.The existing airspeed measurement model uses the air density at standard atmospheric pressure,and does not consider the air density of the UAV during flight.In this paper,we analyze the variation of airspeed and ground speed by the flight data in Dujiangyan,Sichuan Province on December 11,2021.Comparing the original airspeed and wind speed with the corrected airspeed and wind speed considering the air density,it is found that:the absolute error of airspeed which ignores the influence of air density is between-1.35--1.25 m/s and the relative error is around-6%;however,the average relative error passed to the wind speed reaches around 20%and the maximum reaches 40%.And the introduction of air density can eliminate this part of error,thus improving the wind measurement accuracy.

关 键 词：无人机 皮托-静压管 测风 空气密度 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]