PID控制参数对重力式三相分离器生产工艺的影响  

The influence of PID control parameters on the production process of gravity three-phase separator

作　　者：宋尚飞 刘轩章 陈宏举 康琦 李宸轩 邓涛[4] 吴海浩 史博会 宫敬[1] SONG Shangfei;LIU Xuanzhang;CHEN Hongju;KANG Qi;LI Chenxuan;DENG Tao;WU Haihao;SHI Bohui;GONG Jing(National Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Pipeline Transportation Safety/MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering/Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Transmission and Distribution Technology,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249 China;CCCC Second Harbour Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430060,China;China National Offshore Oil Corporation Research Institute Company,Beijing 100027,China;CNPC Guangzhou Training Center,Guangzhou510510,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院/油气管道输送安全国家工程研究中心/石油工程教育部重点实验室/城市油气输配技术北京市重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中交第二航务工程勘察设计院有限公司,武汉430060 [3]中海油研究总院有限责任公司,北京100027 [4]中国石油广州培训中心,广州510510

出　　处：《石油科学通报》2023年第2期179-192,共14页Petroleum Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金“裹挟粉砂的水基流动体系中CO2-CH4水合物分解动力学机制”(52104069);北京市自然科学基金“深水油气混输管道中赋存蜡的水合物生成传热传质机制研究”(3192027);中国石油大学(北京)科研基金“天然气水合物开发过程中水合物分解动力学机理研究”(2462023BJRC018);中国石油大学(北京)科研基金“基于大数据的天然气管网智能运行与控制研究”(2462020YXZZ045)联合资助。

摘　　要：在海上平台的生产过程中,由于油井采出液是天然气、原油、水和矿物杂质等物质的混合物,不能直接外输,需要进行一定的工艺处理后方可外输、储存或销售。三相分离器作为在该处理过程中较为成熟的设备,已在海上平台的生产中得到普遍应用。其中,重力沉降式三相分离器作为基本的分离设备得到了广泛应用。由于海上平台存在大量立管,管内流体可能出现段塞流等不稳定工况,为了保证稳定生产,需要使用一定的控制理论来控制三相分离器的生产过程。PID控制作为成熟稳定的控制理论已普遍应用于现场的生产。因此,对重力沉降式三相分离器及对应压力PID控制器、液位PID控制器的工艺流程及相关参数设置的模拟对于现场生产过程具有一定的指导意义。本文通过对某海上平台现场数据图纸进行深入分析,建立相对应的生产工艺流程模型,利用HYSYS软件模拟该海上平台对于油气处理相关工艺流程的生产过程,验证了PID控制器在生产中保证稳定生产的重要作用。并在基本工况模拟的基础上设计来流不稳定工况进一步验证对比PID控制对于来流波动的控制效果,并针对不同频率、不同气液比的不稳定来流整理分析了PID控制的响应特性。此外,在流程模拟的基础上,针对PID控制系统各项特性参数(比例增益、积分时间、微分时间)的选取进行了深入研究并完成敏感性分析,对于不同的被控参数如:压力、液位等,根据各参数的相应特性提出了对应的PID参数推荐设置。In the production process of offshore platforms,because the oil well produced fluid is a mixture of natural gas,crude oil,water,mineral impurities and other substances,it cannot be directly exported,and a certain process is required before it can be exported,stored or sold.The three-phase separator,as a relatively mature equipment in the process,has been widely used in the production of offshore platforms.Among them,the gravity sedimentation three-phase separator has been widely used as the basic separation equipment.Due to the existence of a large number of risers on offshore platforms,unstable conditions such as slug flow may occur in the fluid in the pipes.In order to ensure stable production,a certain control theory needs to be used to control the production process of the three-phase separator.As a mature and stable control theory,PID control has been widely used in on-site production.Therefore,the simulation of the process flow and related parameter settings of the gravity sedimentation three-phase separator and the corresponding pressure PID controller and the liquid level PID controller has certain guiding significance for the on-site production process.In this paper,through an in-depth analysis of the relevant field data drawings of an offshore platform,the corresponding production process model is established,and the offshore platform is used to simulate the production process of the offshore platform for the related process flow of oil and gas processing.It verifies that the PID controller is guaranteed in production.An important role in stabilizing production.And based on the simulation of basic operating conditions,the unstable operating conditions are designed to further verify and compare the control effect of PID control on the fluctuation of incoming flow,and analyze the response of PID control for the unstable incoming flow of different frequencies and different gas-liquid ratios.characteristic.In addition,on the basis of process simulation,the selection of various characteristic parameters(prop

关 键 词：海上平台 油气处理工艺 PID控制 敏感性分析 三相分离器 

分 类 号：TE53[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]