粒子加速器隧道准直测量中激光跟踪仪光束法平差的误差分析和应用研究  

Error Analysis and Application of Laser Tracker's Bundle Adjustment in the Tunnel Alignment Measurement of Particle Accelerator

作　　者：罗涛 何晓业[1] 汪昭义[1] 王巍 李笑[1] 黄晴晴 何振强 柯志勇[2,3] 马娜 王铜[2,3] 梁静 李波[2,3] 门铃鸰 王小龙[2,3] 董岚 LUO Tao;HE Xiaoye;WANG Zhaoyi;WANG Wei;LI Xiao;HUANG Qingqing;HE Zhenqiang;KE Zhiyong;MA Na;WANG Tong;LIANG Jing;LI Bo;MEN Lingling;WANG Xiaolong;DONG Lan(National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230029,China;Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Spallation Neutron Source Science Center,Dongguan 523803,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学国家同步辐射实验室,安徽合肥230029 [2]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049 [3]散裂中子源科学中心,广东东莞523803

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2023年第6期919-925,共7页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12075264,12075264)。

摘　　要：粒子加速器隧道准直测量往往沿直线或环形布设控制网,利用激光跟踪仪进行测站搭接测量时,误差会沿测站前进方向不断积累。为了提高现有跟踪仪控制网测量精度,首先推导了激光跟踪仪光束法测量的误差传递路径公式,分析了未知控制点的误差来源;然后根据激光跟踪仪光束法平差原理得到4种不同方案,即无固定站心参数、固定站心姿态、固定站心位置和固定站心位姿,通过光束法平差解算并对比分析各方案。实验结果显示,4种方案解算点的绝对位置精度从高到低依次为固定站心位姿、固定站心位置、固定站心姿态和无固定站心参数。首尾闭合解算的平面位置均方根误差为0.147 mm,小于未闭合解算的0.163 mm,且在15 m×10 m×3 m的测量范围内,无固定方案平差解算的姿态和平面位置均方根误差分别为3.58 s和0.144 mm。实验结果表明,测站闭合能增强约束,固定站心位姿能有效抑制光束法测量的误差积累,从而提高整网平差解算精度。固定站心位置结果优于固定站心姿态,说明站心位置是影响激光跟踪仪平面光束法平差的重要参数。该研究可为今后高精度激光跟踪仪光束法平差方案设计提供参考。Objectives:The control network in accelerator alignment often forms a straight line or ring.The errors will accumulate as the number of stations increases when performing lap measurements with the laser tracker.To improve the measurement accuracy of the laser tracker control network,we analyze the source of errors and compare four different measurement methods.Methods:First,the formulas of error propagation in the bundle adjustment method are derived and the error source of the unknown points is analyzed.Second,the following four schemes are obtained by adopting the bundle adjustment method of laser trackers.Finally,the performances of the above schemes are analyzed in the experiment of bundle adjustment.Results:The results show that the absolute position accuracy for the scheme with fixed position and orientation is the highest among the four schemes.The average root mean square(RMS) of the position is 0.147 mm in the experiment of the closed measurement,which is less than that of the unclosed measurement with the RMS of 0.163 mm.In the measurement range of 15 m × 10 m × 3 m,the orientation of the non-fixed scheme flat-rate solution and the average RMS of the plane position are 3.58 s and 0.144 mm,respectively.The station closure can enhance the constraint.Besides,the fixed station center position can effectively inhibit the error accumulation of multi-station lap measurement,improving the accuracy of the network adjustment.Moreover,the result of fixed station center position is better than that of the fixed station center orientation,which indicates that the station positions are vital parameters that affect the two-dimensional bundle adjustment of the laser tracker.Conclusion:This paper can provide a reference for the design of the high-precision laser tracker bundle adjustment method.

关 键 词：粒子加速器 隧道准直测量 激光跟踪仪 光束法平差 固定站心位姿 

分 类 号：P258[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]