人机互动:替代还是增强了人际互动?——角色理论视角下关于社交机器人的控制实验  

Does Human-Computer Interaction Replace or Enhance Interpersonal Interaction?Experiments on Social Robot from the Perspective of Role Theory

作　　者：简予繁 黄玉波[1] JIAN Yu-fan;HUANG Yu-bo

机构地区：[1]深圳大学传播学院,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《新闻大学》2023年第4期75-90,122,共17页Journalism Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72002135);国家社科基金项目(20BXW122);深圳市社科规划项目(SZ2021B042)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：人机互动究竟对人际互动有无影响,既有研究尚无实证验证。本文基于角色理论,以社交机器人为研究对象,探讨在高低水平的社会联结需求下,人们与不同角色的社交机器人互动,对人们现实人际互动意愿的影响。四项实验数据(N=1163)表明,当社交机器人是伙伴角色与协助者角色时,只有在人们社会联结需求高的情况下,人机互动才对人际互动产生替代效应;社会联结需求水平低时,伙伴与协助者角色的人机互动对现实人际互动不产生替代效应。当社交机器人是仆人角色时,无论人们社会联结需求高低,人机互动对现实人际互动意愿都并无显著作用。当社交机器人是替代者角色时,在人们社会联结需求低的情况下,人机互动反而对人际互动产生增强效应;而在社会联结需求高时,人们与替代者角色的社交机器人互动不会增强人际互动意愿。There is no empirical study to verify whether human-computer interaction has an impact on interpersonal interaction and the specific impact potency.Based on the role theory,this paper takes social robots as the research object to explore the impact of people's interaction with social robots of different roles on people's real interpersonal interaction willingness under the needs of high-level and low-level social connection.Four experimental data(N=1163)show that when social robots are partners and facilitators,human-computer interaction has a substitution effect on interpersonal interaction only when people have a high demand for social connection;when the level of social connection demand is low,the human-computer interaction between partners and facilitators has no substitute effect on the real interpersonal interaction;when social robots play the role of servants,human-computer interaction has no significant effect on the willingness of real interpersonal interaction,regardless of people's social connection needs;when social robots are the role of substitutes,human-computer interaction will have an enhanced effect on interpersonal interaction when people's social connection needs are low;however,when the demand for social connection is high,people's interaction with social robots in the role of substitutes will not enhance the willingness of interpersonal interaction.

关 键 词：社交机器人 人机互动 人际互动 角色理论 

分 类 号：G20[文化科学—传播学]