基于气象要素的冬小麦分期播种研究  

Study on Winter Wheat Stage Sowing Based on Meteorological Elements

作　　者：陈璐瑶 范伶俐[1,2,3] 杨熙昊 CHEN Luyao;FAN Lingli;YANG Xihao(School of Ocean and Meteorology,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang Guangdong 524088;Key Laboratory of Climate,Resources and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea of Department of Education of Guangdong Province,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang Guangdong 524088;China Meteorological Administration-Guangdong Ocean University Joint Laboratory for Marine Meteorology,Zhanjiang Guangdong 524088)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学海洋与气象学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广东海洋大学广东省高等学校陆架及深远海气候、资源与环境重点实验室,广东湛江524088 [3]中国气象局-广东海洋大学海洋气象联合实验室,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第12期1-8,13,共9页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：广东省省级人才财政专项(060313452101);广东海洋大学本科生创新创业团队项目(CCTD201805)。

摘　　要：利用山东省泰安农业气象试验站2019—2020年与2020—2021年气象观测资料,以小麦品种泰科麦31为试验材料,分析不同播期气象条件对冬小麦生长及产量的影响。结果表明:日照时数在冬小麦出苗至开花阶段起重要作用,发育期天数与日照时数成极显著相关,日照越充足苗情越好;越冬过程的开始主要受日最高气温及其持续时间的影响,越冬期持续时间的长短则受日最低气温及其持续时间的影响;各播期处理冬小麦灌浆过程均符合Logistic生长规律,不同播期冬小麦灌浆速率与各气象要素之间的关系不同;冬小麦千粒重受前期生长状况与越冬期积温、负积温的影响,与日照时数成正相关关系;冬小麦越冬期低温持续时间短有利于其产量的提高。Using meteorological observation data from the Tai′an Agricultural Meteorological Experimental Station in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2020 and from 2020 to 2021,this paper used the wheat variety Taikemai 31 as the experimental material to analyze the effects of meteorological conditions at different sowing dates on the growth and yield of winter wheat.The results showed that sunshine duration played an important role in the stage from emergence to flowering of winter wheat,and the number of days during the development stage was significantly correlated with sunshine duration.The more sunlight,the better the seedling condition.The beginning of the overwintering process was mainly influenced by the daily maximum temperature and its duration,while the duration of the overwintering period was influenced by the daily minimum temperature and its duration.The filling process of winter wheat in different sowing dates followed the Logistic growth law,and the relationship between the filling rate of winter wheat and various meteorological elements varied at different sowing dates.The 1000-grain weight of winter wheat was influenced by the growth status in the early stage,accumulated temperature during overwintering,and negative accumulated temperature,and had positively correlation with sunshine duration.The short duration of low temperature during the overwintering period of winter wheat was beneficial for improving its yield.

关 键 词：冬小麦 气象要素 LOGISTIC模型 千粒重 灌浆速率 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学] S161