混合动力汽车增速离合器创新设计与应用研究  

Innovation Design and Application of Speed-increasing Clutch for Hybrid Electric Vehicle

作　　者：张利鹏[1] 王子健 任长安 樊小建 ZHANG Lipeng;WANG Zijian;REN Changan;FAN Xiaojian(Key Laboratory of Special Carrier Equipment of Hebei Province,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学河北省特种运载装备重点实验室,秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第8期253-263,共11页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2020203078)。

摘　　要：混合动力汽车可以通过模式切换获得良好的燃油经济性,但发动机和驱动电机高效工作区间的转速差异会降低耦合驱动效率,发动机启动瞬态冲击也会破坏整车纵向行驶平顺性。为解决上述问题,开展一种可实现发动机与驱动电机高效工作区域重叠的增速离合器的创新设计,并基于其进行发动机启动平顺性控制研究。首先,设计增速离合器三维实体结构,介绍其功能特点;接着,建立增速离合器齿轮传动机理模型、执行机构驱动电机模型和制动系统模型;然后,设计基于滑模速度控制和单神经元力控制的执行机构双闭环控制器;再后,使用遗传算法对力曲线进行寻优,确定最优接合速度与最终结合力;最后,开发增速离合器原理样机并对提出的发动机平顺启动控制方法进行快速原型试验验证。研究结果表明,所设计的增速离合器除了可以提升发动机与驱动电机的耦合工作效率外,基于其进行发动机启动控制还可以有效减少冲击度、滑摩功和扭矩超调量,从而大幅提升发动机启动时车辆的纵向行驶平顺性。Hybrid electric vehicles can achieve good fuel economy through modes switching.However,the speed difference between the high-efficiency working range of the engine and the drive motor will reduce the coupling drive efficiency,and the transient impact of the engine startup will also destroy the longitudinal ride comfort of the vehicle.To solve the above problems,an innovative design of a speed-increasing clutch that allows the efficient working area of the engine and drive motor to overlap is developed,and the application research of engine startup smoothness control is carried out.At first,the three-dimensional solid structure of the speed-increasing clutch is designed,and the functional characteristics are introduced.Next,the gear transmission mechanism model,actuator drive motor model and braking system model of the speed-increasing clutch are established.Then,a dual closed loop controller of the actuator were designed based on the sliding mode control and the single neuron force control.After that,the genetic algorithm was used to optimize the force curve to determine the optimal joint speed and final bonding force.Finally,the principle prototype of the speed-increasing clutch was developed and the rapid prototype test was carried out to verify the proposed engine smooth start control method.The research results show that the designed speed-increasing clutch can not only improve the coupling efficiency of the engine and the drive motor,but also can effectively reduce the impact,frictional power and torque overshoot based on the engine startup control,and greatly improves the longitudinal ride comfort of the vehicle when the engine is started.

关 键 词：混合动力汽车 增速离合器 创新设计 发动机启动 纵向行驶平顺性 

分 类 号：U463[机械工程—车辆工程]