奖赏预测误差对时间顺序记忆和来源记忆的影响  

The effect of reward prediction errors on temporal order and source memory

作　　者：张弘弛 成旋 毛伟宾[1] ZHANG Hongchi;CHENG Xuan;MAO Weibin(School of Psychology,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250358,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,济南250358

出　　处：《心理学报》2023年第7期1049-1062,共14页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021MC081);山东师范大学“工作记忆的认知及脑机制”科研创新团队资助。

摘　　要：先前研究表明,事件边界会增强边界处来源记忆、削弱跨边界的时间顺序记忆,但对于两者之间是否存在一种权衡关系,以及内在的、具有社会性意义的变化作为事件边界是如何影响记忆的,尚鲜有研究。本研究以奖赏预测误差(reward prediction errors,RPE)作为事件边界,通过两个行为实验和一个ERP实验,探讨RPE事件边界对时间顺序记忆和来源记忆的影响。结果发现,RPE事件边界增强了边界处信息的来源记忆,高RPE事件边界引发了记忆权衡效应;相对于事件内/非边界条件,跨事件/边界条件记忆的正确提取诱发出更大的N400波幅,时间顺序记忆的激活主要集中在头皮中前部,来源记忆的激活主要集中在头皮中后部。本研究表明,事件边界的切分强度是影响记忆权衡效应的重要因素,N400成分可能是反映事件边界对情景记忆的整合与切分的重要指标。The human brain automatically segments continuous experiences into discrete events to better remember ongoing experiences in daily life.This automatic process is known as event segmentation.The time points between different events are called event boundaries—they indicate when one event ends,and another begins.Studies have shown that the event boundaries may enhance the item-context source memory of information at the boundaries but impair temporal order memory in across-event information.Notably,previous studies mainly focused on the boundaries caused by changes in the external environment and rarely paid attention to the subjective boundaries caused by changes in an individual’s internal psychological context.Moreover,Rouhani et al.(2020)first confirmed that reward prediction errors(RPE)could be used as event boundaries to influence memory.Additionally,it has been demonstrated that the RPE event boundary reduces the temporal order memory in across-event information.However,the effects of the RPE event boundary on temporal order and source memory and whether the mnemonic trade-off effect exists are not clear.The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the effects of event boundaries on memory require further examination.This study used behavioral and event-related potentials(ERP)technology in three experiments to explore the effect of RPE event boundaries on temporal order and source memory,respectively,based on behavioral and neurophysiological mechanisms.Experiment 1 used a neutral scene picture matching value as materials.The value of successive pictures fluctuates around an average value to form an event,and event boundaries denote when there is a significant shift in the value,which is the reward prediction error.The participants were required to complete two memory tests:a temporal order memory test and a source memory test.The source memory test was presented with a neutral scene picture,and participants were asked to choose a value that matched the learning stage from the two alternatives.We aimed t

关 键 词：奖赏预测误差 事件边界 时间顺序记忆 来源记忆 记忆权衡效应 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]