基于海洋硅藻的碳九芳烃9种组分急性毒性测定与评价  

Determination and Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Nine Components of C9 Aromatics Based on Marine Diatoms

作　　者：夏宇凡 彭礼洪 孟范平[1] 刘嘉琪 Xia Yufan;Peng Lihong;Meng Fanping;Liu Jiaqi(Key Laboratory for Marine Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第8期44-55,共12页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077335)资助。

摘　　要：碳九(C9)芳烃主要包括正丙苯(n-PBZ)、异丙苯(i-PBZ)和2-乙基甲苯(2-ET)等9种芳香烃。为确定C9芳烃泄漏入海后对海洋生物产生较大毒性的种类,本研究以三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)和中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)2种硅藻作为受试生物,通过生长抑制试验得到n-PBZ、i-PBZ和2-ET等对硅藻的96 h半效应浓度(96 h EC_(50))。研究表明,9种芳香烃均能显著抑制硅藻生长,且抑制作用随暴露浓度的增加而增大。它们对三角褐指藻的96 h EC_(50)值介于2.51~6.11 mg/L之间,对中肋骨条藻的96 h EC_(50)值介于1.97~8.36 mg/L之间,均属于中等毒性。其中,茚(Ind)、邻三甲苯(1,2,3-TMB)、2-乙基甲苯(2-ET)和n-PBZ的毒性较大,而均三甲苯(1,3,5-TMB)的毒性较低。C9芳烃9种组分的毒性差异并不完全取决于其疏水性,还与其在暴露体系中的稳定性有关。研究结果表明,C9芳烃各组分对海洋微藻的毒性高于甲苯、二甲苯、苯酚等有机污染物,C9芳烃的海上泄漏将对海洋初级生产力造成较大危害,应重视泄漏事故的预防以及污染海域的生物修复。C9 aromatics,including mainly nine components such as n-propyl benzene(n-PBZ),isopropylbenzene(i-PBZ)and 2-ethyl toluene(2-ET).In order to determine the components with high biological toxicity after C9 aromatic leakage into sea,in this work,two kinds of diatoms Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Skeletonema costatum were used as test organisms,and the 96 h median effect concentrations(96 h EC_(50))of n-PBZ,i-PBZ and 2-ET among other,on two diatom species each were obtained through growth inhibition assays.The research showed that the nine aromatic hydrocarbons significantly inhibit the growth of diatom,and the inhibition increased with the increase of exposure concentration.Their 96 h EC_(50)values for P.tricornutum and S.costatum varied between 2.51 and 6.11 mg/L,1.97 and 8.36 mg/L,respectively,which belonged to moderate toxicity.Among them,indene(Ind),1,2,3-trimethylbenzene(1,2,3-TMB),2-ethyltoluene(2-ET)and n-PBZ were more toxic,while 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene(1,3,5-TMB)was less toxic.The toxicity difference among the nine components of C9 was not always determined by their hydrophobicity.Their stability may also associate with the exposed system.The result showed that in comparison with other aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene,xylene and phenol,C9 aromatics have higher toxicity to marine microalgae,indicating that their spills into sea will cause great harm to marine primary productivity.More attentions should be paid to the prevention of their leakage accidents and the bioremediation of polluted sea areas.

关 键 词：碳九芳烃 三角褐指藻 中肋骨条藻 急性毒性 半效应浓度 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P76[天文地球—海洋科学]