红小豆夹持式收获装置的设计与试验  

Design and Test of Red Adzuki Bean Clamping Harvesting Device

作　　者：尚佳乐 马永财[1] 滕达 李昊庭 吕卓 宋业君 Shang Jiale;Ma Yongcai;Teng Da;Li Haoting;Lv Zhuo;Song Yejun(Engineering College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural Reclamation University,Daqing 163000,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第12期134-139,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2019E073)。

摘　　要：针对目前红小豆机械化收获缺少专用机械设备、作业装置工作性能不可靠、收获籽粒破损率和损失率高等问题,结合红小豆收获农艺要求与茎秆物理特性,基于低损收获原理设计了一种红小豆夹持式收获装置。通过建立装置的运动模型,分析机构运动特性,获取圆盘割刀端点的运动轨迹,以确定割刀转速和机具前进速度的变化关系及夹持切割机构结构参数。以切割角度、割刀转速、夹持间隙和前进速度为影响因素,获得各因素对红小豆收获损失率的影响变化规律,结果表明:切割角度为15°、割刀转速为700r/min、夹持间隙为5mm、前进速度为0.3m/s时,平均损失率为2.31%,收获损失最小。研究结果可为红小豆等杂粮作物机械收获技术与装备的研发提供借鉴。For the current red adzuki bean mechanized harvesting lacks special machinery and equipment,the working performance of the operating device is unreliable,and the harvested grain breakage rate And the high loss rate.Combining the agronomic requirements and physical characteristics of adzuki bean harvesting,a clamp-type adzuki bean harvesting device is designed based on the principle of low-loss harvesting.By establishing the motion model of the device,analyzing the motion characteristics of the mechanism,obtaining the motion trajectory of the end point of the disc cutter,determining the relationship between the cutter speed and the forward speed of the machine,and the clamping and cutting structure parameters.Taking the cutting angle,cutter speed,clamping gap and forward speed as the influencing factors,the influence of each factor on the change rule of the red bean harvest loss rate was obtained.The results show that:when the cutting angle is 15°,the cutter speed is 700r/min,the average clamping gap is 5mm,and the forward speed is 0.3m/s,the average loss rate is 2.31% and the harvest loss is the smallest.It can provide a reference for the research and development of mechanical harvesting technology and equipment for red bean and other grain crops.

关 键 词：红小豆 夹持式收获装置 圆盘割刀 损失率 

分 类 号：S225.6[农业科学—农业机械化工程]