外来植物刺萼龙葵对土壤细菌群落结构和功能的影响  

Effects of alien Solanum rostratum on structure and function of soil bacterial community

作　　者：寇紫倩 刘煜光[1] 彭伟秀[1] 史宝胜[1] KOU Zi-qian;LIU Yu-guang;PENG Wei-xiu;SHI Bao-sheng(College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园林与旅游学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第5期974-982,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家林业与草原局项目(KJZXSA2018005、KJZXSA2019003、KJZXSA202004)。

摘　　要：【目的】选取刺萼龙葵(Solanum rostratum)入侵地与未入侵地土壤为研究对象,分析刺萼龙葵对当地土壤微生物群落结构及功能的影响。【方法】利用Biolog-ECO平板和Illumina Misep高通量测序对刺萼龙葵根际、根围土壤和对照土壤样品进行代谢活性和细菌群落组成分析,同时采用PICRUSt功能预测分析其功能。【结果】刺萼龙葵生长样地中土壤微生物代谢活性和代谢多样性显著高于对照(CK),显著增强了对氨基酸类、羧酸类和聚合物等底物的利用率;根际(GJ)、非根际土(GW)的速效钾、速效磷含量显著降低。与未入侵样地相比,刺萼龙葵入侵样地中的土壤细菌多样性显著降低,根际与非根际差异不明显。特定物种的相对丰度产生显著变化,鞘脂菌属(Sphingobium)的相对丰度提高了79倍,Rokubacteriales相对丰度降低了3.3倍;相关性Heatmap结果显示鞘脂菌属(Sphingobium)与速效磷、速效钾呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与氨基酸类、聚合物类和酚酸类物质代谢呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),而Rokubacteriales与之相反。PICRUSt功能预测分析表明,刺萼龙葵入侵主要提高了代谢途径、次生代谢产物的生物合成以及不同环境中的微生物代谢等方面的功能。【结论】本研究揭示刺萼龙葵的生长降低了细菌多样性,打破原有土壤微生物群落平衡,并通过微生物对营养物质的代谢影响土壤的理化性质,为全面理解外来植物刺萼龙葵的入侵危害及机制提供了一定理论依据。【Objective】The effects of Solanum rostratum invasion on the structure and function of local soil microbial communities were analyzed by selecting the invasive and non-invasive soils as the research objects.【Method】The study used Biolog-ECO plates and Illumina Misep high-throughput sequencing to analyze the metabolic activity, and bacterial flora of rhizosphere(GJ), bulk(GW) and control soil samples(CK)in S. rostratum grow place. 【Result】The soil microbial metabolic activity and metabolic diversity in the growth plot of S. rostratum were significantly higher than that of control, especially the utilization of substrates such as amino acids, carboxylic acids, and polymers were significantly enhanced. Moreover, the S. rostratum significantly reduced the content(CK)of available potassium and available phosphorus of root and bulk soil. Compared with the control plot, the soil bacterial community structure diversity in the S. rostratum growth plot was significantly reduced, and the rhizosphere(GJ) and bulk(GW)were not significantly different, but the relative abundance of specific species changed significantly. The relative abundance of Sphingobium was increased by 79 times, and the relative abundance of Rokubacteriales was reduced by 3.3 times. The correlation Heatmap results showed that Sphingobium was significantly negatively correlated with available phosphorus and available potassium(P0.01), and the metabolism of amino acids, polymers, and phenolic acids were extremely significantly positively correlated(P0.01), while Rokubacteriales was the opposite. The function prediction also showed that the colonization and growth of S. rostratum mainly improved the relative abundance of soil microbial metabolic functions, including metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and microbial metabolism in different environments. 【Conclusion】The study reveals that the growth of S. rostratum reduces bacterial diversity, breaks the balance of the original soil microbial community, and affects the phy

关 键 词：刺萼龙葵 细菌群落组成 细菌多样性 高通量测序 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]