学龄前儿童眼屈光状态筛查和屈光异常的影响因素分析  

Screening of eye refractive status in preschool children and analysis of refractive anomalies and their influenring factors

作　　者：芦颖 段文秀[1] Lu Ying;Duan Wenxiu(The Shanxi Province Children's Hospital,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030013)

机构地区：[1]山西省儿童医院,山西太原030013

出　　处：《基层医学论坛》2023年第19期10-12,共3页The Medical Forum

摘　　要：目的探析学龄前儿童眼屈光状态和屈光异常影响因素,为预防学龄前儿童眼屈光异常提供有效参考依据。方法选择2019年1月-2020年12月山西省儿童医院1500例学龄前儿童,予屈光状态筛查,统计屈光异常率,同时从出生是否足月、是否有窒息史、是否存在眼族家族史等方面对屈光异常的影响因素进行分析。结果1500例儿童中,屈光异常149例(9.93%)。儿童眼屈光异常与出生是否足月、是否有窒息史无关(P>0.05),与看书写字姿势是否正确、每日看电子产品时间、睡眠不足、视物异常史、烟酒史、眼疾家族史、家长文化程度、家庭收入有关(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析,学龄前儿童发生屈光异常的独立危险因素有看书写字姿势不正确、每日看电子产品时间>1 h、睡眠不足、视物异常史、烟酒史、眼疾家族史、家长文化程度过低、家庭收入低(P<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童的屈光异常率较高,常见独立危险因素有看书写字姿势不正确、每日看电子产品时间>1 h、睡眠障碍、视物异常史、烟酒史、眼疾家族史、家长文化程度过低、家庭收入低等。为降低眼屈光异常率,需加强相关干预、积极防治危险因素,确保儿童视力发育正常。Objective The analysis of eye refractive status and refractive abnormalities in preschool children and their influencing factors is aimed at providing an effective reference for the prevention of ocular refractive anomalies in preschool children.Methods Taking 2019.01-2020.12 as the background time of the study,1500 preschool children in our hospital were selected,the refractive state was screened,the refractive anomaly rate was calculated,and the influencing factors of refractive anomalies were analyzed from the aspects of birth term,whether there was a history of asphyxia,and whether there was a family history of ophthalmic families.Results Of the 1,500 children,149 had refractive abnormalities(9.93%).Children with abnormal eyes born at term,asphyxia(P>0.05),with reading and writing posture,electronic products,lack of sleep,visual abnormalities,history of alcohol,family history,parent education,family income(P<0.05)By multifactor Logistic regression analysis,independent risk factors of abnormal preschool children incorrect reading and writing posture,daily electronic products time>lh,lack of sleep,visual abnormalities history,tobacco and alcohol,eye disease family history and parents are too poorly educated,and their family income is low(P<0.05).Conclusion The refractive error rate of preschool children is high,and common independent risk factors include incorrect reading and writing posture,daily viewing of electronic products>lh,sleep disorders,abnormal visual history,tobacco and alcohol history,family history of eye diseases,low parental education level,and low family income.In order to reduce the rate of abnormal refractive ocular light,it is necessary to strengthen relevant interventions and actively prevent independent risk factors to ensure that children's vision development is normal.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 眼屈光状态筛查 屈光异常 影响因素 

分 类 号：R777.44[医药卫生—眼科]