轮胎磨损颗粒渗滤液对海蜇螅状体的毒性鉴别评价研究  

Toxicity identification evaluation of tire wear particle leachate to the polyp of Rhopilema esculentum

作　　者：易先亮 严明 游奎 YI Xian-liang;YAN Ming;YOU Kui(School of Ocean Science and Technology,Dalian University of Technology,Panjin 124221,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学海洋科学与技术学院,辽宁盘锦124221

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2023年第3期354-361,共8页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41606131)。

摘　　要：微塑料在海洋中的分布、迁移和毒理学效应引起了广泛关注。近年来,轮胎磨损颗粒(tire wear particles,TWPs)逐渐被归属为微塑料中的一类。TWPs可以在海洋环境中长期存在,并释放一系列化合物,对海洋生物造成不利影响。本研究以海蜇(Rhopilema esculentum)螅状体为受试生物研究了TWPs渗滤液的毒性。结果表明,TWPs渗滤液对R.esculentum螅状体的96 h LC50为实验制备渗滤液原液浓度的45.83%。毒性鉴别评价的结果表明,Zn2+为渗滤液中导致生物毒性的主要物质。在相对较低的实验浓度下,TWPs渗滤液会引起螅状体身体萎缩、触手缩短等形态结构上的变化。螅状体体内抗氧化相关酶活性的变化可能是由渗滤液中过量的Zn2+引起的。本研究对于认识TWPs污染对海洋生物的毒性及其生态风险具有重要意义。The distribution,migration and toxicological effects of microplastics in the ocean have attracted extensive attention,and tire wear particles(TWPs)have been characterized as microplastics in recent years.TWPs can accumulate in marine environment continuously and release various chemicals to ambient environment.In the present study,the polyp of jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum was taken as the model species to test toxicity of the TWPs leachate.Toxicity identification evaluation(TIE)was conducted to identify the key toxicants among the various chemicals in the TWPs leachate.The 96 h LCso value of prepared leachate on polyp stage of R.esculentum was 45.83%.TIE results indicated that Zinc was the main toxicant in the leachate.At relative lower exposure concentrations,the TWPs leachate could lead to morphological changes of the polyp(i.e.,atrophy of body,shortening of tentacles,etc.).The effect on the antioxidant enzymes might be also caused by the released Zn^(2+).The overall results of the current study can be useful for understanding the ecological risk of TWPs.

关 键 词：海蜇 轮胎磨损颗粒渗滤液 微塑料 急性毒性 螅状体 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]