大鹏湾近岸海域波浪观测特征分析  

Characteristics of ocean waves in coastal area of Dapeng Bay based on observations

作　　者：庄晓珊 胡俊洋 张一聪 邢闯[2] ZHUANG Xiao-shan;HU Jun-yang;ZHANG Yi-cong;XING Chuang(Shenzhen marine monitoring forecasting center,Shenzhen 518067,China;National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市海洋发展研究促进中心,广东深圳518067 [2]国家海洋环境预报中心,北京100081

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2023年第3期378-386,共9页Marine Environmental Science

摘　　要：利用大鹏湾海域2014-2020年的实时海浪观测资料,对观测海域的海浪基本要素及其与热带气旋活动的关系进行统计分析。结果显示,观测海域浪高常年在1.0 m以下,出现频率达95.94%,各观测站的海浪特征具有明显差异,大梅沙站对东北季风响应明显,1.0 m以上波高主要出现在秋、冬季,下沙站对西南季风响应明显,1.0 m以上波高只出现在夏、秋季,大鹏湾湾口站常年受西南季风和东北季风的影响,1.0 m以上波高主要出现在夏、秋、冬季。大梅沙、下沙和大鹏湾湾口站常浪向分别为SE、S和SSE向,强浪向分别为SE、S/SW和SSE向,一般由热带气旋引起。1713号“天鸽”台风期间,观测海域波高和风速之间关系的分析结果表明,风速和波高随台风靠近而逐渐增大,两者呈明显的正相关,波高达到峰值时间略滞后于风速峰值,有效波周期在台风期间也出现显著增大的过程。Based on the real-time wave measurement results of Dapeng Bay from 2014 to 2020,this paper presents a statistical analysis of the basic feature of waves in the observed sea area and their relationship with tropical cyclone activity.The results show that the significant wave height(SWH)under 1.0 m covers 95.94%of the observational period,and the wave characteristics of each station have obvious differences.The SWH above 1.0 m at Dameisha station mainly occurs in the boreal Autumn and Winter,which is dominated by the northeast monsoon.The SwH above 1.0 m at Xiasha station mainly occurs in boreal Summer and Autumn,which is modified by the southwest monsoon.While the SWH above 1.0 m at Wankou station mainly occurs in boreal summer,autumn,and winter,which is responded to the southwest and northeast monsoon synchronously.Due to the effect of tropical cyclones,the normal wave directions of each station are SE,S,and SSE respectively,while the the direction of intensified wave are SE,S/SW,and SSE separately.The analysis of the relationship between SWH and wind speed at the buoy positions during No.1713 Typhoonn“Hato”suggests that the wind speed and SWH increase gradually with the approach of the typhoon.The peak of SWH slightly lags to the peak of wind speed,as well as the significant wave period prominently increased during the typhoon.

关 键 词：大鹏湾 波浪特征 波高 波周期 波向 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X834