“偶然”:审美感兴作为艺术掌握世界方式的特有属性  

“Fortuity”:Aesthetic“Gan-xing”as A Unique Attribute of the Way of Art Mastering the World

作　　者：张晶[1] ZHANG Jing(Faculty of Humanities,Communication University of China,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学人文学院,北京100024

出　　处：《河北学刊》2023年第4期120-131,共12页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国古代美学命题整理与研究”(21&ZD068);2019年度国家社会科学基金重点项目“中华美学精神诗学基因研究”(19AZW001)。

摘　　要：在中国美学的诸多范畴中,“感兴”是具有核心地位的重要范畴,包含着从艺术创作的发生到表现的基本过程。在“感兴”的诗学文献资料中,可以看到“偶然”是其基本属性与契机。感兴诗论中最基本的界定应为“触物而起情,谓之兴”,最多的词语则是触、遇、适会等。这些词语都有鲜明的偶然性特征。从诗学的意义上看,“感兴”可被视为艺术掌握世界方式的特有形态,也表征了中国诗学关于艺术发生的基本理念。以现象学的眼光来看“触物”,触发性是引发意向活动的前提条件。中国诗学的“感兴”,是在偶然契机中唤起主体的情感。“偶然”也成为诗人与宇宙造化相通的样态。In many categories of Chinese aesthetics,“Gan-xing”(Aesthetic sensation evoked by objects)is an important category in the core position,which includes the basic process from the occurrence of artistic creation to expression.In the poetic literature of“Gan-xing”,it can be seen that“fortuity”is the basic attribute and opportunity.The most fundamental definition of“Gan-xing”theory should be“evoked by objects and arousing emotions,which is called‘Xing’”,and the most common words are touching,encountering,adapting,and soon.All these words have distinctive characteristics of fortuity.From the perspective of poetic meaning,“Gan-xing”can be seen as a unique form of art mastering the word,and also represents the basic concept of artistic occurrence in Chinese poetics.From the perspective of phenomenology,“evoked by objects”is the prerequisite for triggering intentional activities.In Chinese poetics,“Gan-xing”evokes the subject’s emotions in a fortuitous opportunity.And“fortuity”has also become a form of communication between poets and the evolution of the universe.

关 键 词：偶然 审美感兴 艺术掌握世界方式 触物圆览 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]