五倍子提取物对蛋鸡的产蛋性能和蛋品质及血液生化指标的影响  

Effects of the gallnut extracts on the laying performance,egg quality and blood biochemical indexes of laying hens

作　　者：孙澄慧 王春梅[1,2,3] 陈琴 许天政[1,2,3] 朱靖 王瑛 文光林 罗志军[6] 施晓丽 SUN Chenghui;WANG Chunmei;CHEN Qin;XU Tianzheng;ZHU Jing;WANG Ying;WEN Guanglin;LUO Zhijun;SHI Xiaoli(Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region,Ministry of Education,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Agricultural and Rural Burean of Guiyang,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081,China;Sichuan Tieqilishi Industrial Co.Ltd,Mianyang,Sichuan 621006,China;Gallochem Co.Ltd,Xiuwen,Guizhou 550200,China)

机构地区：[1]高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [4]贵阳市农业农村局,贵州贵阳550081 [5]四川铁骑力士实业有限公司,四川绵阳621006 [6]贵阳倍隆生物科技有限公司,贵州修文550200

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期352-358,共7页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2535、黔科合支撑[2022]一般138)。

摘　　要：挑选1500只34周龄罗曼粉蛋鸡,随机均分为3个处理组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂添加了300 mg/kg的五倍子单宁酸(GTA)和没食子酸丙酯(PG)的基础饲粮,预试期1周,正试期8周,探究饲喂GTA和PG对产蛋高峰期蛋鸡的产蛋性能、蛋品质及血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,饲粮添加GTA和PG对蛋鸡产蛋性能无显著影响;饲粮添加GTA能显著改善试验8周时的蛋黄着色,但饲粮添加GTA和PG对蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋黄比例、蛋壳强度和蛋壳厚度均无显著影响;饲粮添加GTA能显著降低蛋鸡血浆中总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)和胆固醇(TC)的含量,有降低葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL–C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL–C)水平的趋势;饲粮添加PG能显著降低血浆TP和ALB水平,有降低GLU、GLB、TG、TC和HDL–C水平的趋势;饲粮添加GTA和PG对蛋鸡血清肝损伤指标(谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶活性)和抗氧化指标(超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性和丙二醛含量)均无显著影响,但饲粮添加GTA能显著降低血清细胞炎症因子(白细胞介素–1、白细胞介素–6、肿瘤坏死因子–α)水平,饲粮添加PG可提高血清免疫球蛋白Y、M质量浓度。可见,在本研究条件下,饲粮中添加300 mg/kg的GTA和PG对罗曼粉蛋鸡的产蛋性能无显著影响,但GTA能提高蛋黄着色;饲粮添加GTA下调蛋鸡血脂、血浆蛋白及血清炎症因子水平的作用均大于PG的;饲粮添加PG可提升机体的免疫水平。In this study,1500 Lohmann layings aging 34-weeks-old were randomly and equally divided into 3 treatment groups,and the control group was fed a basal diet and the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented 300 mg/kg of GTA and 300 mg/kg PG,respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 1 week,and the experimental period lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed that compared with control,dietary GTA and PG had no significant effect on laying performance.GTA could significantly improve yolk color at the 8 weeks,but had no significant effects on protein height,Huagh unit and yolk ratio.The levels of TP,ALB,GLB and TC in the plasma of laying hens with GTA were significantly reduced,while the levels of GLU,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C were tended to decrease.PG could significantly decrease plasma TP and ALB levels,while the levels of GLU,TG and HDL-C were tended to decrease.GTA and PG had no significant effects on liver parameters(ALT,AST,ALP)and antioxidant parameters(SOD,GSH-Px,CAT and MDA)in laying hens.GTA significantly decreased the levels of IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-α,while PG increased the concentrations of serum IgY and IgM.To sum up,the addition of 300 mg/kg GTA and PG in the diet did not affect the egg production performance,however,GTA could improve the egg yolk coloration and reduce the levels of blood lipids,plasma proteins and serum inflammatory factors in laying hens more than PG,and PG could increase the body immunity.

关 键 词：蛋鸡 五倍子单宁酸 没食子酸丙酯 产蛋性能 蛋黄颜色 血液生化指标 炎症因子 免疫功能 

分 类 号：S831.915[农业科学—畜牧学]