3个欧李新品系开花结果习性及孢粉学研究  

Study on Flowering and Fruiting Habits and Palynology of Three New Cerasus Humilis Strains

作　　者：李秀珍[1] 袁艳红 刘逸婷 韦同路 张国海[1] LI Xiuzhen;YUAN Yanhong;LIU Yiting;WEI Tonglu;ZHANG Guohai(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期82-89,M0007,共9页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32202409);河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(192102110038,232102110264)。

摘　　要：为研究欧李的成花习性、开花结果习性及孢粉学特征,以洛早1号、哈波1号和哈波2号为材料,观测了其结果枝特性、开花物候期、花器官、花粉形态等内容。结果表明:哈波1号的每节花芽数为6.7个,洛早1号4.4个。哈波2号每花芽1~4朵花,70%以上为2朵花,其他两品系没有单花芽4朵花现象。洛早1号始花期最早,花期持续15 d,哈波1号、哈波2号分别晚7 d、9 d,花期均可持续12 d。3个新品系的自然授粉坐果率均比自花授粉坐果率高。洛早1号98%左右的柱头高于或等高于花药,1.33%的柱头败育;哈波1号70%以上的柱头等高于和低于花药;哈波2号柱头全部低于或等高于花药高度。花粉萌发孔均为三沟状,洛早1号和哈波1号的花粉为超长球形,哈波2号为长球形;洛早1号和哈波2号的花粉外壁纹饰均为条纹-穿孔形,哈波1号的为穿孔形。In order to study the flower bud forming habit,flowering and fruiting habits and palynology characteristics of Cerasus humilis,three new Cerasus humilis strains Luozao 1,Habo 1 and Habo 2 were taken as materials,the characteristics of fruiting branches,flowering phenology,flower organs,pollen morphology were investigated.The results show that the number of flower buds per node of Habo 1 is 6.7,and Luozao 1 is 4.4.Habo 2 has 1 to 4 flowers per bud,and more than 70%of them have 2 flowers per bud and the other two strains have no the phenomenon of 4 flowers per bud.Luozao 1 is the earliest to enter the initial flowering period and the flowering period lasts for 15 days.The initial flowering period of Habo 1 and Habo 2 is 7 and 9 days later than that of Luozao 1,respectively,and the flowering period of them lasted for 12 days.The fruit setting rate of natural pollination is higher than that of self-pollination in the three new Cerasus humilis strains.About 98%of the stigma of Luozao 1 is higher than or equal to the height of the anther,and 1.33%of the stigma is aborted.More than 70%of the stigma of Habo 1 is equal to or lower than the anther.The stigma of Habo 2 is all lower than or equal to the anther height.The pollen germination pores of the three new Cerasus humilis strains are trench-shaped.The pollen of Luozao 1 and Habo 1 are ultra-long spherical,and the pollen of Habo 2 is long spherical.The pollen outer wall ornamentation of Luozao 1 and Habo 2 are strip-perforated,while that of Habo 1 is perforated.

关 键 词：欧李 开花习性 结果习性 孢粉学 

分 类 号：S662.9[农业科学—果树学]