我国青少年健身活动状况及问题——基于2014年、2020年《全民健身活动状况调查公报》的研究  

The Status and Problems of Youth Fitness Activities in China:Research Based on the Communiques of Survey on the Status of National Fitness Activities in 2014 and 2020

作　　者：张洋[1] ZHANG Yang(Beihang University)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学体育部

出　　处：《中国校外教育》2023年第3期48-58,共11页AFTERSCHOOL EDUCATION IN CHINA

摘　　要：健身活动是休闲社会中一种积极、健康、文明的生活方式。国家体育总局分别于2014年、2020年进行了“全民健身活动状况调查”。调查数据显示:青少年参加健身活动的人数比例有所下降,健身项目的类型多样化,健身动机主动化,健身场所以学校为主。青少年健身活动存在三个问题:总体状况有待提升,健身活动的“青少年性”体现不足,社区与家庭参与度相对较低。在提供对策建议时,应按照准公共产品的有效供给方式,采取政府和市场共同分担的原则。具体对策为:发挥学校体育政策的积极导向作用,既保基本又灵活贯通;建立家、校、社一体化的青少年健身活动模式;在保障市场化的同时,推行“健身通行证”,以保障青少年健身的公平性,满足其多元化需求。Fitness activities represent an active,healthy and civilized way of life in leisure life.The General Administration of Sport of China has conducted two surveys on the status of national fitness activities in 2014 and 2020,respectively.An comparison was made based on the two surveys which found that the proportion of teenagers participating in fitness activities has decreased,with more diversified types of fitness programs and motivation for fitness,and the main venues for fitness activities are at campus.Three major problems are existing with adolescent fitness activities:the overall situation needs to be improved;teenager’s participation in fitness activities is insufficient;community and family’s participation is relatively low.We should give solutions based on the effective supply of quasi-public goods and the principle of shared responsibility between government and market.We should give full play to the guiding role of school sports policies,ensuring its basic and flexible implementation;and also establish a youth fitness activity model that integrates family,school,and society.We should promote the fitness pass to guarantee the fairness of youth fitness and meet their diverse needs,while following the rules of marketization.

关 键 词：健身活动 体质健康 健身动机 调查公报 健身通行证 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学]