低磷胁迫下大豆根系分泌物对土壤中难溶性磷的影响  

Effects of soybean root exudates on insoluble phosphorus in soil under low phosphorus stress

作　　者：杨松花 石贵阳 王晶琴 陈竹 YANG Songhua;SHI Guiyang;WANG Jingqin;CHEN Zhu(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2023年第6期1396-1406,共11页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31860115,32060427);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字〔2018〕100)。

摘　　要：选取10个大豆品种,通过营养液水培试验收集各品种在不同磷水平下的根系分泌物,测定有机酸组分及其分泌量,研究分泌物对土壤中难溶性磷的活化作用。结果表明,低磷胁迫影响有机酸的分泌量,Qd11、Ax、Jd23、Jd12和Fd的总有机酸分泌量在低磷胁迫下增加。不同大豆品种分泌的主要有机酸不同,Td、Cd、Qd11、Tf、Dd和Qd7以分泌草酸为主,Ax、Jd23、Jd12和Fd以分泌酒石酸为主。大豆分泌物对4种难溶性磷的活化效果整体表现为Ca-P>Al-P>O-P>Fe-P;在低磷胁迫下,Jd23对Al-P的活化效果最好,活化率为32.39%,Qd7对Fe-P的活化效果最好,活化率为12.60%,Qd11次之,为11.81%,对O-P和Ca-P活化效果最好的是Qd11,活化率分别为32.69%和41.73%。苹果酸的分泌量与Fe-P的溶解量达到显著相关,琥珀酸分泌量与钙磷的溶解量呈显著正相关。低磷胁迫影响大豆根系有机酸的分泌及其对土壤难溶性磷的活化。大豆分泌的有机酸中以草酸和酒石酸为主;整体来说,Qd11和Qd7的分泌物对4种难溶性磷的活化效果较好。Through the nutrient solution hydroponics experiment,10 different soybean varieties were selected to collect the root exudates under different phosphorus levels,determine the organic acid components and their secretion,and study the activation of the exudates on insoluble phosphorus in the soil.The results showed that low phosphorus stress affected the secretion of organic acids,and the total organic acid secretion of Qd11,Ax,Jd23,Jd12 and Fd increased under low phosphorus stress.The main organic acids secreted by different soybean varieties were different.Td,Cd,Qd11,Tf,Dd and Qd7 mainly secreted oxalic acid,while Ax,Jd23,Jd12 and Fd mainly secreted tartaric acid.The activation effect of soybean secretion on four kinds of insoluble phosphorus was Ca-P>Al-P>O-P>Fe-P;Under low phosphorus stress,Jd23 had the best activation effect on Al-P,with activation rate of 32.39%.Qd7 has the best activation effect on Fe-P,with activation rate of 12.60%,followed by Qd11,with 11.81%.Qd11 has the best activation effect on O-P and Ca-P,with activation rate of 32.69%and 41.73%respectively.The secretion of malic acid was significantly correlated with the dissolution of Fe-P,and the secretion of succinic acid was significantly positively correlated with the dissolution of calcium and phosphorus.Low phosphorus stress affected the secretion of organic acids in soybean roots and the activation of soil insoluble phosphorus.The organic acids secreted by soybean were mainly oxalic acid and tartaric acid.On the whole,the secretions of Qd11 and Qd7 had better activation effect on the four insoluble phosphorus.

关 键 词：大豆 低磷胁迫 根系分泌物 有机酸 难溶性磷 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]