驻韩“联合国军”司令部的“复活”:以美国的战略考量为中心  

The“Resurrection”of the United Nations Command in ROK:Focus on the Strategic Considerations of the United States

作　　者：宋文志 Song Wenzhi

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院 [2]北京大学朝鲜半岛研究中心

出　　处：《韩国研究论丛》2021年第2期34-47,216,217,共16页Chinese Journal of Korean Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目(18YJCZH151)的阶段性研究成果;国家社科基金冷门绝学和国别史等研究专项(19VJX048)成果之一。

摘　　要：驻韩“联合国军”司令部是朝鲜战争的遗留问题,涉及朝鲜半岛停和机制转换、美韩联合防卫机制调整、美国的亚太战略等重要问题。20世纪70年代后,驻韩“联合国军”司令部一度被遗忘,但是,近期美国重新强调驻韩“联合国军”司令部的存在,试图“复活”驻韩“联合国军”司令部的相关职能。梳理“联合国军”司令部职能演变历程可以发现,在美韩联合防卫机制中美国地位的变化、朝韩关系的发展以及构建对华竞争的战略应对体系等是美国“复活”驻韩“联合国军”司令部的核心因素。另外,美国在驻韩“联合国军”司令部上的政策演变也体现了美国根据利益的需要及形势的变化,不断创建制度、调整制度,甚至“复活”制度的战略行为特点。The United Nations Command(UNC)in ROK is a legacy of the Korean War.It involves such important issues as the transformation of the armistice mechanism on the Korean Peninsula,the adjustment of the US-ROK joint defense mechanism,and the US Asia-Pacific strategy.Since the 1970s,the United Nations Command in Korea has been forgotten.However,the United States is trying to revive the functions of the UNC by emphasizing the existence of the UNC in ROK.On the basis of sorting out the evolution of the functions of the United Nations Command,this paper analyzes the reasons for the United States to raise the issue of the United Nations Command in ROK again from the perspectives of the Korean Peninsula and China-US relations.Among them,the change of the US position in the US-ROK joint defense mechanism,the development of inter-Korean relations and the construction of a strategic response system to the competition with China are the core factors for the US to consider.The policy evolution of the United Nations Command in ROK also reflects the strategic behavior characteristics of the United States,which constantly creates,adjusts and even revives institutions according to the needs of its interests and the changes of the situation.

关 键 词：“联合国军”司令部 美韩同盟 韩国战时指挥权 驻韩美军 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]