加工型马铃薯种质资源的评价与筛选  

Evaluation and Screening of Processing Potato Germplasm Resources

作　　者：李芳弟[1] 王鹏[1] 颉炜清[1] 杨晨[1] 赵尚文[1] 吕汰[1] LI Fangdi;WANG Peng;XIE Weiqing;YANG Chen;ZHAO Shangwen;LU Tai(Tianshui Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Tianshui,Gansu 741001,China)

机构地区：[1]天水市农业科学研究所,甘肃天水741001

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2023年第2期97-109,共13页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-09);杨凌种业创新中心重点研发项目(Ylzy-mls-02);甘肃省科技重大专项计划(GZGG-2021-4);天水市科技支撑计划项目(2021-NCK-7991)。

摘　　要：为了创制优异的加工型马铃薯基因型和新品种,试验对98份马铃薯种质的块茎品质(淀粉、还原糖含量)进行检测,鉴定筛选出20份高淀粉(淀粉含量≥18.0%)种质材料,39份低还原糖(还原糖含量≤0.20%)种质材料。根据种质的亲缘关系和主要特性进行杂交亲本的选配,配制“高淀粉×低还原糖”类型的杂交亲本组合,筛选出后代F1单株表现优异的炸片高淀粉加工型组合“天薯10号×克新17号”。对组合“天薯10号×克新17号”后代239份F1群体的淀粉含量、还原糖含量和炸片色泽进行检测与分析,鉴定筛选出一批具有优良基因型的马铃薯种质材料:83份基因型淀粉含量≥18.0%,56份基因型还原糖含量≤0.20%,85份基因型炸片色泽值≤3.0。这些优异的基因型可作为高淀粉和低还原糖马铃薯品种选育的亲本材料。Qualities(starch and reducing sugar contents)of 98 potato germplasm resources were tested,and 20 high starch germplasm materials(starch content≥18.0%)and 39 low reducing sugar germplasm materials(reducing sugar content≤0.20%)were identified and screened out in order to develop excellent processing potato genotypes and new varieties.According to the genetic relationship and the main characteristics of germplasm,the hybrid parents were selected to make the crosses of high starch×low reducing sugar,in which the cross of"Tianshu 10×Kexin 17"with a high frequency of desired genotypes were identified.The contents of starch and reducing sugar,and fried potato chip colors of 239 progenies in F1 population in the cross were tested and analyzed,and a batch of genotypes with excellent traits were identified and selected,including 83 genotypes with starch content≥18.0%,56 genotypes with reducing sugar content≤0.20%and 85 genotypes with fried chip color value≤3.0.These excellent genotypes could be used as parental materials for breeding potato varieties with high starch and low reducing sugar.

关 键 词：马铃薯 种质资源 评价 筛选 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]