不同纬度和土壤类型对马铃薯加工品质的影响  

Effects of Different Latitudes and Soil Types on Potato Processing Quality

作　　者：韩忠才[1] 张川 徐飞[1] 王中原 孙静[1] 梁金平 邱博妍 牟彬 李鹏广 张胜利[1] HAN Zhongcai;ZHANG Chuan;XU Fei;WANG Zhongyuan;SUN Jing;LIANG Jinping;QIU Boyan;MU Bin;LI Pengguang;ZHANG Shengli(Jilin Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Changchun,Jilin 130033,China;Longyan Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Longyan,Fujian 364000,China;Aoteqi Agricultural Resource Development Co.,Ltd.,Hinggan League,Inner Mongolia 137400,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院,吉林长春130033 [2]福建省龙岩农业科学研究所,福建龙岩364000 [3]内蒙古兴安盟奥特奇农业资源开发有限公司,内蒙古兴安盟137400

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2023年第2期125-132,共8页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-09-ES07);吉林省科技厅重点研发项目(20230203167SF)。

摘　　要：马铃薯加工性状是受多基因控制的数量性状,其表现与生态环境具有一定相关性。为研究马铃薯干物质、淀粉等主要加工品质性状在不同纬度和土壤类型的变异,选用6个马铃薯品种,在8个生态点进行试验,分析不同纬度、气候因子和土壤类型下马铃薯主要加工品质的变化规律。马铃薯干物质、淀粉、还原糖和粗蛋白的生态点(环境)、基因型×环境互作效应均在0.01水平上达到显著。在8个生态试验点,内蒙古自治区扎兰屯市试验点干物质和淀粉含量最高、吉林省公主岭市试验点最低;还原糖和粗蛋白含量吉林省通榆县试验点最高、吉林省公主岭市试验点最低。单株结薯数、单株块茎重和产量的基因型×环境互作效应均达0.01水平显著,单株结薯数和产量的环境效应0.01水平显著。综上,马铃薯加工品质和产量性状受环境效应影响较大。试验结果对于高蛋白、高干物质和高淀粉马铃薯区域化种植和新品种选育具有一定的理论指导意义。Potato processing traits are quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes,and their performance has a certain correlation with ecological environments.In order to study the variation of tuber dry matter,starch and other major processing quality traits at different latitudes and soil types,six potato varieties were selected to conduct experiments in eight ecological sites to analyze the variation of potato major processing qualities under different latitudes,climate factors and soil types.The effects of ecological sites(environments)and genotype×environment were highly significant on the contents of tuber dry matter,starch,reducing sugar and crude protein at the level of 0.01.In eight test sites,the contents of dry matter and starch in Zhalantun of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was thehighest;those in Gongzhuling of Jilin Province was the lowest.The contents of reducing sugar and crude protein inTongyu of Jilin Province was the highest;those in Gongzhuling of Jilin Province was the lowest.The effects of genotype×environment were highly significant on tuber number per plant,tuber yield per plant and yield at the level of 0.01,andthe effects of environment were highly significant on tuber number per plant and yield at the level of 0.01.In conclusion,the processing quality and yield traits of potatoes are greatly influenced by environmental effects.The experimentalresults have certain theoretical guidance significance for the regional planting and new variety breeding of high protein,high dry matter,and high starch potatoes.

关 键 词：纬度 土壤类型 马铃薯 加工品质 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]