高等学校招收调干生的历史考察(1949-1965)  

The Recruitment of Cadre Students in Universities(1949-1965)

作　　者：刘亚娟 LIU Yajuan

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,200241

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2023年第2期58-65,39,226,共10页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“阶级视野下的‘调干生’研究(1949-1965)”(18CZS039)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新中国成立后,以一般在职干部、专业干部、工农速成中学毕业生、复员和转业军人、中小学教师等为主体的调干生成为高等学校的重要生源。从1952年开始,调干不再局限于个别人和特定学校,而是走向制度化。但相关政策不时调整,在执行层面亦呈现一定的波动,调干生随之经历了从补充生源到优选生源的位置变化。灵活的调干政策与差异化的阶级优待政策比较好地适应了变动的政治环境,既保证了高校招生任务的顺利完成,又在一定程度上兼顾了“高校向工农开门”的政治需要,从而对新中国的高等教育和中共工农知识分子的培养产生了深远影响。After the founding of the People's Republic of China,the cadre students who consisted of general in-service cadres,professional cadres,graduates of instant high schools for workers and peasants,demobilized soldiers and officers,and primary and secondary school teachers,had become an important source of students in universities.Since 1952,the phenomenon of transferring cadres to universities had been no longer limited to certain individuals and specific schools,but had gradually become institutionalized.However,the policies changed from time to time,and the implementation fluctuated accordingly.The cadre students'position switched from supplementary students to selected students.The flexible cadre policy and differentiated class treatment policy adapted to the changing political environment well,not only smoothly completing the college enrollment task,but also fulfilling the political need of“opening door for workers and farmers”,thus having a profound impact on the higher education of P.R.C.and the training of CPC cadres.

关 键 词：调干生 优先录取 高等教育 工农干部 

分 类 号：G649.29[文化科学—高等教育学] K27[文化科学—教育学]