湖北省湿地碳汇潜力及其碳增汇措施初探  

Carbon Sink Potential of Wetlands in Hubei and its Countermeasure

作　　者：周文昌[1,2] 史玉虎 许秀环[1] 向珊珊 欧文慧[1] ZHOU Wen-chang;SHI Yu-hu;Xu Xiu-huan;XIANG Shan-shan;OU Wen-hui(Hubei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan 430075,Hubei,China;Honghu National Research Station for Wetland Ecosystem of Hubei Province,Honghu,433200,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省林业科学研究院,湖北武汉430075 [2]湖北洪湖湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,湖北洪湖433200

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2023年第3期29-32,37,共5页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目“湖北典型湿地碳储量计量及其碳汇监测技术推广”(鄂[2022]TG02号)。

摘　　要：湖北地处长江中下游,其湿地类型在中国湿地中具有明显的代表性,在保障人类生存发展中发挥重要作用。湿地在全球碳循环过程中发挥重要作用,天然湿地作为大气重要的碳汇,在减缓全球气候变化、支撑中国碳中和发挥重要作用。文章根据已有研究文献,初步估算了湖北省湿地碳汇潜力,为湖北省林业碳汇发展提供重要决策支撑。结果表明:湖北省湿地碳汇能力达171.12×10^(4)~281.34×10^(4)t C/a,转化为二氧化碳(CO_(2))吸收量达627.45×10^(4)~1031.58×10^(4)t CO_(2)/a,可中和2015年度湖北省化石能源燃烧CO_(2)排放量3.64×10^(8)t的1.7%~2.8%,表明湖北湿地具有重要的碳汇潜力。为提高和维持湖北省湿地碳汇潜力,提出以下对策:保护现有湿地面积,固持现有碳汇;修复退化湿地,增加湿地碳汇潜力;降低污染物排入淡水湿地生态系统,减少碳排放;优化湿地植被群落组成,增加碳汇潜力;适宜增加农田生态系统氮肥量,增加碳汇能力。Hubei province is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Its wetland types are obviously representative among wetlands in China and play an important role in ensuring human survival and development.Wetlands play an important role in the global carbon cycle.As an important carbon sink in the atmosphere,natural wetlands play an important role in mitigating global climate change and supporting carbon neutrality in China.According to the existing research literature,the function of wetland carbon sink in Hubei province was estimated preliminarily,which provided important decision-making support for the development of forestry carbon sink in Hubei Province.The results showed that:The carbon sink capacity of Hubei wetland is 171.12×10^(4)~281.34×10^(4)t C/a,which is converted into carbon dioxide absorption capacity of 627.45×10^(4)~1031.58×10^(4)t C/a.This value accounted for 1.7%~2.8%of the carbon emissions from fossil fuels in Hubei Province in 2015 year(3.64×10^(8)t C/a),indicating that Hubei wetland has an important carbon sink capacity.To improve the carbon sequestration capacity of wetlands in Hubei,the following countermeasures are proposed:Protect the existing wetland area to maintain the carbon sink capacity of wetlands;Restoration of degraded wetlands to increase the carbon sink capacity of wetlands;Reduce pollutant discharge into freshwater wetland ecosystem to decrease the carbon emission of wetlands;Optimize the composition of wetland vegetation communities to increase the carbon sink capacity of wetlands;It is suitable to increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in farmland ecosystem to increase the carbon sink capacity of wetlands.

关 键 词：长江中下游 碳汇 湿地 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]