民航招飞体检中散瞳后电脑验光与检影验光方法比较  

Comparison of computer optometry and retinoscopy refraction methods after pupil dilation in physical examination of civil aviation recruitment

作　　者：王益蓉[1] 赵洵颖 刘欢[1] 申芙蓉[1] WANG Yirong;ZHAO Xunying;LIU Huan;SHEN Furong(Hospital of Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航飞行学院医院,四川广汉618307 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国校医》2023年第4期255-258,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：中国民用航空飞行学院科研基金(J2022-150)。

摘　　要：目的对民航招飞体检中散瞳后电脑验光与检影验光检测的屈光度结果进行比较分析,为选择最有效的验光方法提供依据。方法共纳入中国民航飞行学院招收的飞行学生2567名,散瞳后采用电脑和检影验光检测双眼屈光度[球镜(diopter of sphere,DS)、柱镜(diopter of cylinder,DC)和等效球镜(spherical equivalent,SE)]值,统计分析其差异性、相关性和一致性,对检影验光屈光度值进行亚组分析。结果散瞳后检影验光、电脑验光DS值(D)中位数(四分位数)分别为-0.750(-2.250,0.250)、-0.750(-2.000,0.000),其差值(D)的中位数(四分位数)为-0.250(-0.500,0.250),电脑验光检测的DS值低于检影验光(Z=14.868,P<0.001)。检影验光、电脑验光DC值/D中位数(四分位数)分别为-0.250(-0.500,-0.250)、-0.500(-0.750,-0.250),电脑验光检测的DC值高于检影验光(Z=-19.530,P<0.001)。2种方法测得的SE值(D)中位数(四分位数)差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.693,P=0.488)。2种检测方法检测DS值和SE值的结果相关性和一致性在高度近视、远视组较低(r<0.600,ICC<0.600),而DC值则在高度近视组中相关性和一致性最高(r>0.600,ICC>0.800)。结论在招飞体检中可采取电脑验光与检影验光结合的方式。在屈光度靠近筛选界值的中高度近视人群中,应以插片试镜以核实检影正确性。Objective To compare and analyze the diopter results of computer optometry and retinoscopy refraction in the physical examination of civil aviation recruits,so as to provide evidence for selecting the most effective refraction method.Methods A total of 2567 flight students enrolled in the Civil Aviation Flight College of China were included,and the diopter sphere(DS),diopter cylinder(DC),and spherical equivalent(SE)values were detected by computer optometry and retinoscopy refraction after mydriasis,and their differences,correlations,and consistency were statistically analyzed,and the dioptometry diopter values were analyzed in subgroups.Results The DS value(D)median(quartile)of post-mydriatic retinoscopy refraction and computer optometry were-0.750(-2.250,0.250),-0.750(-2.000,0.000)respectively,the difference value(D)median(quartile)was-0.250(-0.500,0.250),and the computer optometry testing DS values were lower than those of retinoscopyrefraction(Z=14.868,P<0.001).The DC value/D median(quartile)of retinoscopy refraction and computer optometry were-0.250(-0.500,-0.250),-0.500(-0.750,-0.250)respectively,and computer optometry testing DC values were higher than those of retinoscopy refraction(Z=-19.530,P<0.001).The median(quartile)of SE value(D)measured by the two methods was not statistically significant(Z=-0.693,P=0.488).The correlation and consistency of DS and SE values between the two methods were lower in the highly myopic and farsighted groups(r<0.600,ICC<0.600),while the correlation and consistency of DC values were the highest in the highly myopic group(r>0.600,ICC>0.800).Conclusion The combination of computer optometry and retinoscopy refraction methods can be used in the physical examination of pilot recruitment.Among them,in patients with moderate and high myopia whose diopter is close to the screening threshold,an insertion screen test should be used to verify the accuracy of the image.

关 键 词：电脑验光 检影验光 屈光度 招飞体检 

分 类 号：R788.2[医药卫生—口腔医学]