江苏某高校大学生对慢性阻塞性肺病的认知及其危险因素的探究  

Investigation of cognition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its risk factors for college students in a university

作　　者：郑如意 余昕雅 瞿文艳 朱新星 龚洁 陆荣柱 华亚芳 陆益民 王铁英 ZHENG Ruyi;YU Xinya;QU Wenyan;ZHU Xinxing;GONG Jie;LU Rongzhu;HUA Yafang;LU Yimin;WANG Tieying(Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Laboratory Medicine,School of Medicine,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学医学院预防医学与卫生检验系,江苏镇江212013 [2]江苏省镇江市润州区七里甸社区卫生服务中心 [3]江苏省昆山市第一人民医院

出　　处：《中国校医》2023年第4期280-283,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：江苏大学2021年大学生创新创业项目(202110299319H);苏州市医学重点学科基金项目(SZXK201821);江苏省卫生厅科技项目(YG201403);苏州市临床重点病种诊疗技术专项项目(LCZX201518)。

摘　　要：目的了解大学生对慢性阻塞性肺疾病的认知、信念、行为的现况,为各高校开展健康教育和制订防控措施等提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样方式,随机抽取班级,向全班同学发放问卷,以无记名方式进行问卷调查。结果大学生对慢阻肺症状的知晓率在73.8%~86.6%,并发症的知晓率在65.3%~82.4%,且不同专业对症状和并发症的知晓率差异具有统计学意义(P=0.002、0.043);对慢阻肺早期筛查方法的知晓率为41.0%。当前大学生有慢阻肺危险因素暴露:吸烟者12人(1.2%),53人(5.3%)在空气污染严重时依然坚持外出,185人(18.5%)在呼吸性传染病流行期间缺乏自我保护措施,不同专业间差异具有统计学意义(P=0.040);114人(11.4%)从不锻炼,不同专业间锻炼情况的差异具有统计学意义(P=0.001)。绝大多数大学生愿意获取相关知识并加入健康教育宣传活动。结论大学生有慢阻肺危险因素暴露的危险,同时具有健康教育宣传行动者的潜质,加强高校慢阻肺健康教育工作,有利于慢阻肺的预防。Objective To understand the current status of knowledge,attitudes,and practices of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and its risk factors for college students so as to provide scientific evidence for carrying out health education and the formulation of prevention and control measures in colleges and universities.Methods A group random sampling method was adopted,and classes were randomly selected among classes,paper questionnaires were distributed to the whole class,and a questionnaire survey was conducted anonymously.Results The awareness rates of COPD symptoms and complications among college students ranged from 73.8%to 86.6%and from 65.3%to 82.4%,and the awareness rates of symptoms and complications among different majors were statistically significant(P=0.002,0.043).The awareness rate for early COPD screening methods was 41.0%.At present,college students were exposed to COPD risk factors:12(1.2%)smoked,53(5.3%)insisted on going out when air pollution was serious,and 185(18.5%)lacked self-protection measures during respiratory infectious diseases,and the differences among different majors were statistically significant(P=0.040).Totally 114(11.4%)never exercised,and the difference in exercise among different majors was statistically significant(P=0.001).The vast majority of university students were willing to acquire relevant knowledge and participate in health education campaigns.Conclusion College students have exposure to COPD risk factors and have the potential to be health education publicity actors,and strengthening COPD health education in colleges and universities is conducive to the prevention of COPD.

关 键 词：大学生 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 认知 信念 行为 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学]